
During General John Bell Hood’s counterattack in the Cornfield, two regiments from Mississippi briefly breached the Union line and scattered several regiments at and beyond the north fence. General George Meade was concerned enough to call it “one of the most critical moments of the morning.” In this tactical analysis of Hood’s counterstrike, we…

Using their own words from letters and diaries, Institute historian Jason Campbell will follow in the footsteps of the 130th Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry on August 1. In the summer of 1862, Pennsylvania volunteers were recruited primarily from Cumberland and York Counties to fill the quota of a new, nine-month regiment. Within a month, the 130th…

Learn about the recruitment and muster of the 125th Pennsylvania. See how this newly organized unit behaved in battle for the first time. How did the mortal wounding of XII Corps commander Joseph Mansfield change the trajectory of the 125th Pennsylvania? Follow the track of the regiment across the field as it engages the…

Mauled in the West Woods during the II Corps’ ill-conceived assault by echelon, the 7th Michigan Infantry lost 221 out of 402 combatants. Some casualties are well-known, such as John A. Clark, whose grave Bill Frassinito identified, and Allen H. Zacharias, whose poignant note tears at the heart. What was the fate of those…

It is a common cliché – that food makes the army move. That is especially true for the Maryland Campaign. Food was one reason why Lee moved north following his victories at Second Manassas and Chantilly. While some of the soldiers, like those who captured Harpers Ferry, were well fed, others went hungry through…