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The Antietam Journal, Volume 5

Table of Contents The Editor’s Column Kevin R. Pawlak . . . . . . 6 Antietam Institute Announcements . . . 8 Feature Articles Antietam’s Signatory: HENRY WINTERS NY Tom & Colleen McMillan . . . . 10 “Credit to which it is entitled”: Perspectives on the Artillery at the Battle of Antietam James A. Rosebrock . . . . . 20 The Cast Iron Brigade Sharon A. Murray . . . . . 49 In Their Own Words “It Shall Be Preserved” W. Charles Young . . . . . 54 Antietam Artifacts Sergeant Edward Brackett’s Belt Buckle Nicholas P. Picerno . . . . . 59 In Antietam’s Footsteps In Antietam’s Footsteps: Companies A and I, 5th Maryland Monument at Bloody Lane J. O. Smith . . . . . . 63 Institute Interview Sitting Down with Dr. Susan Trail Laura L. Marfut . . . . . 66 Book Reviews . . . . . . 73 Contributor Biographies . . . . 80 Antietam Institute Membership Honor Roll . 82
From Pvt Henry Clark, Co. A, 3rd VT Inf to Mother

Transcribed and posted online by William Griffing at Spared & Shared, used here with permission
From Pvt/Sgt William Henry Shelton, Bty L, NY Light to Cousin Louise

Transcribed and posted online by William Griffing at Spared & Shared, used here with permission
From Pvt William Graham, Co. B, 107th NY Inf to Sister

Transcribed and posted online by William Griffing at Spared & Shared, used here with permission
From Pvt William E. Vanauken, Co D, 107th NY Inf to Brother and Sister

Transcribed and posted online by William Griffing at Spared & Shared, used here with permission
From Pvt. Daniel “Wiley” Lafferty, CO. A, 64th NY Inf to Sister

Transcribed and posted online by William Griffing at Spared & Shared, used here with permission
From Pvt W M Powell, Co D, 5th TX Inf to recipient

Transcribed and posted online by William Griffing at Spared & Shared, used here with permission
From Unknown soldier, prob 110th NY Inf to cousin

Transcribed and posted online by William Griffing at Spared & Shared, used here with permission
From Thomas Sparks, 7th Reg't, PA Militia 1862 to Sister

Transcribed and posted online by William Griffing at Spared & Shared, used here with permission
Surgeon Edward McDonnell's personal logbook

Transcribed and posted online by William Griffing at Spared & Shared, used here with permission
Surgeon Edward McDonnell's personal logbook

Transcribed and posted online by William Griffing at Spared & Shared, used here with permission
Surgeon Edward McDonnell's personal logbook

Transcribed and posted online by William Griffing at Spared & Shared, used here with permission
Surgeon Edward McDonnell's personal logbook

Transcribed and posted online by William Griffing at Spared & Shared, used here with permission
By Pvt Samuel Clayton, Co. D, 95th PA Inf

Transcribed and posted online by William Griffing at Spared & Shared, used here with permission
From Pvt Stewart J Hull, 2nd NJ Inf to Matilda Sickels

Transcribed and posted online by William Griffing at Spared & Shared, used here with permission
From Pvt Robert Henry Weston, Co A, 20th MA Inf to Cousin Jennie

Transcribed and posted online by William Griffing at Spared & Shared, used here with permission
From Pvt Richard C. Hulse, Co. F, 5th NY Heavy Arty to Father & Mother

Transcribed and posted online by William Griffing at Spared & Shared, used here with permission
From Pvt Richard C. Hulse, Co. F, 5th NY Heavy Arty to Father & Mother

Transcribed and posted online by William Griffing at Spared & Shared, used here with permission
From Pvt Peter King, 130th PA Inf to Wife Hannah

Transcribed and posted online by William Griffing at Spared & Shared, used here with permission
From Pvt. Peter Hardy, Co. C, 6th NH Inf to Brother

Transcribed and posted online by William Griffing at Spared & Shared, used here with permission
From Pvt Martin VanBuren Culver, Co. A, 16th CT Inf to Sister and friends

Transcribed and posted online by William Griffing at Spared & Shared, used here with permission
From Sgt Martin (“Mat”) Pierce, Co D, 126th NY Inf to Friend Albert

Transcribed and posted online by William Griffing at Spared & Shared, used here with permission
From Mus Lucian Wells Hubbard, 14th CT Inf to Mother

Transcribed and posted online by William Griffing at Spared & Shared, used here with permission
From Mus Lucian Wells Hubbard, 14th CT Inf to Mother

Transcribed and posted online by William Griffing at Spared & Shared, used here with permission
From Mus Lucian Wells Hubbard, 14th CT Inf to Mother

Transcribed and posted online by William Griffing at Spared & Shared, used here with permission
From Mus Lucian Wells Hubbard, 14th CT Inf to Mother

Transcribed and posted online by William Griffing at Spared & Shared, used here with permission
From Mus Lucian Wells Hubbard, 14th CT Inf to Mother

Transcribed and posted online by William Griffing at Spared & Shared, used here with permission
From Calista Hubbard to Son Lucien Wells Hubbard, 14th CT Inf

Transcribed and posted online by William Griffing at Spared & Shared, used here with permission
From Mus Lucian Wells Hubbard, 14th CT Inf to Mother

Transcribed and posted online by William Griffing at Spared & Shared, used here with permission
From Corp. Levi Hall Rankin, Co. B, 130th PA Inf to Brother

Transcribed and posted online by William Griffing at Spared & Shared, used here with permission
From Corp. Leonidas A. Barber, Co. G, 8th CT Inf to Brother

Transcribed and posted online by William Griffing at Spared & Shared, used here with permission
From Lt John Williams Hudson, Co. D, 35th MA Inf to Wife Sophie

Transcribed and posted online by William Griffing at Spared & Shared, used here with permission
From Pvt John Egbert Richmond, Co. C, 13th Pennsylvania Militia of 1862 to the Carbondale Advance Newspaper Publisher.

Transcribed and posted online by William Griffing at Spared & Shared, used here with permission
From Pvt John Spital Halley, Co H, 4th VT Inf to Sister Mary

Transcribed and posted online by William Griffing at Spared & Shared, used here with permission
From Corp John Baker, 82nd PA Inf to Mrs. C. Hatton

Transcribed and posted online by William Griffing at Spared & Shared, used here with permission
From Pvt John Boultwood Edson, Co E, 27th NY Inf to Father

Transcribed and posted online by William Griffing at Spared & Shared, used here with permission
From Lt. James Curtis Emmons, Co. E, 16th CT Inf to Uncle and Friends

Transcribed and posted online by William Griffing at Spared & Shared, used here with permission
From Pvt Henry Johnson, Co. K, 14th PA Militia to Wife & Sisters.

Transcribed and posted online by William Griffing at Spared & Shared, used here with permission
From Pvt John H. Frain, Co. G, 16th ME Inf to Mother

Transcribed and posted online by William Griffing at Spared & Shared, used here with permission
From Pvt Joseph Moore, Co B, 131 PA Inf to Family

Transcribed and posted online by William Griffing at Spared & Shared, used here with permission
From Pvt George A. Hoyt, Co. B, 115th NY Inf to Friend Alvin

Transcribed and posted online by William Griffing at Spared & Shared, used here with permission
From Pvt George S. Youngs, 126th NY Inf to Brother

Transcribed and posted online by William Griffing at Spared & Shared, used here with permission
From Pvt. George Washington Vosseller, Co. H, 111th NY Inf to friend Mary

Transcribed and posted online by William Griffing at Spared & Shared, used here with permission
From Lt Francis (“Frank”) Marion Hight, Co D, 48th GA Inf to Parents,

Transcribed and posted online by William Griffing at Spared & Shared, used here with permission
From Bugler Frank J. Weston, 1st MA Cav to Aunt

Transcribed and posted online by William Griffing at Spared & Shared, used here with permission
From Pvt. Edmund Findlay Churchill, Co. E, 18th MA Inf to sister

Transcribed and posted online by William Griffing at Spared & Shared, used here with permission
From Pvt Philo Emery, Co. E, 2nd VT Inf to Mother

Transcribed and posted online by William Griffing at Spared & Shared, used here with permission
From Pvt Edson Emery, Co. E, 2nd VT Inf to Brother

Transcribed and posted online by William Griffing at Spared & Shared, used here with permission
From Pvt Charles A Legg, Co. C, 1st MA Cav to Parent

Transcribed and posted online by William Griffing at Spared & Shared, used here with permission
From Sgt Charles E Bradley, 32nd NY Inf to Father

Transcribed and posted online by William Griffing at Spared & Shared, used here with permission
Pvt Christopher Columbus Lobingier, Co. A, 100th PA Inf diary entries

Transcribed and posted online by William Griffing at Spared & Shared, used here with permission
From Lt. Col. Calvin Littlefield, 94th New York Vols to Father

Transcribed and posted online by William Griffing at Spared & Shared, used here with permission
Capt. Garrett Vanderveer, Co. A, 115th NY Inf to Brother

Transcribed and posted online by William Griffing at Spared & Shared, used here with permission
George G. Pilkington, drummer, Co. E, 126th PA Inf to Mother

Transcribed and posted online by William Griffing at Spared & Shared, used here with permission
George E. Blakely/Blakelee (Phys) to Father & Friends

Transcribed and posted online by William Griffing at Spared & Shared, used here with permission
George E. Blakely/Blakelee (Phys) to Father & Friends

Transcribed and posted online by William Griffing at Spared & Shared, used here with permission
From Edwin Martin Whipple, Co. C, 111th PA Inf to Parents

Transcribed and posted online by William Griffing at Spared & Shared, used here with permission
From Edwin Martin Whipple, Co. C, 111th PA Inf to Parents

Transcribed and posted online by William Griffing at Spared & Shared, used here with permission
Edwin Martin Whipple, Co. C, 111th PA Inf to Mother

Transcribed and posted online by William Griffing at Spared & Shared, used here with permission
From Pvt Didier Gevrez, 36th OH Inf to Father

Transcribed and posted online by William Griffing at Spared & Shared, used here with permission
From Pvt Charles Henry Howe, Co. I, 36th MA Inf to Parents

Transcribed and posted online by William Griffing at Spared & Shared, used here with permission
From Pvt Charles Henry Howe, Co. I, 36th MA Inf to Parents

Transcribed and posted online by William Griffing at Spared & Shared, used here with permission
From Pvt Charles Henry Howe, Co. I, 36th MA Inf to Father

Transcribed and posted online by William Griffing at Spared & Shared, used here with permission
From Pvt Charles Henry Howe, Co. I, 36th MA Inf Howe to Parents

Transcribed and posted online by William Griffing at Spared & Shared, used here with permission
From Pvt Adelbert Knight Co F, 11th US Inf to mother

Transcribed and posted online by William Griffing at Spared & Shared, used here with permission
From Augustus Chambers Co H, 57th NY Inf to son Joseph H. Chambers

Transcribed and posted online by William Griffing at Spared & Shared, used here with permission
Major Abe Miller Crumbecker 32nd Ohio Infantry to Wife

Transcribed and posted online by William Griffing at Spared & Shared, used here with permission
Emily Bauer (wife) letter to Pvt Jacob Bauer, 16th Connecticut Infantry

Transcribed and posted online by William Griffing at Spared & Shared, used here with permission
The life of Rev. Daniel A. Ridout, late member of the Baltimore Annual Conference, of the African Methodist Episcopal Church / by his son, D. Archie Ridout ; with an introduction by A.W. Wayman

The Ridout family lived on South Moutain near Crampton's Gap and witnessed the fighting that occurred there on September 14, 1862. Archie Ridout’s account vividly reveals a family living through a terrible time, including the distinctively African American aspects of their experience.
The Antietam Journal, Volume 4

Table of Contents The Editor’s Column Kevin R. Pawlak . . . . . . 6 Antietam Institute Announcements . . . 9 Feature Articles Confederate Defeat at South Mountain: Robert E. Lee’s Moment of Hesitation on the Morning of September 14, 1862 Alexander B. Rossino . . . . . 12 Caution East of Frederick: George B. McClellan in the Early Part of the Maryland Campaign Darin Wipperman . . . . . 28 Who’s the Boss? Command Turnover in Two Maryland Campaign Regiments Frank E. Bell III . . . . . 56 In Their Own Words “I Could Scarcely Recognize the Place” Steven Cowie . . . . . . 74 Antietam Artifacts Reunion Ribbons of the 130th Pennsylvania Infantry Jon Tracey . . . . . . 77 In Antietam’s Footsteps J.E.B. Stuart’s Pennsylvania Raid J.O. Smith . . . . . . 83 Institute Interview Sitting Down with Dr. Thomas G. Clemens Laura Marfut . . . . . . 87 Book Review . . . . . . 95 On Potomac’s Waters John Schildt . . . . . . 99 Contributor Biographies . . . . 101 Antietam Institute Membership Honor Roll . ...103
Battlefields of South Mountain

- W. H. Paine, a topographical engineer, known as the Pathfinder of the Army of the Potomac, served with the Topographical Staff of the Army of the Potomac during the American Civil War. - Map Map depicting action in and around the the battlefields of South Mountain during the Maryland Campaign, Sept. 14, 1862
Antietam Journal, Vol. 5, Fall 2023. James A. Rosebrock, "Credit to which it is entitled": Perspectives on the Artillery at the Battle of Antietam. Map #3

- Map depicting action in and around the Harpers Ferry Road south of Sharpsburg to the Lower Bridge at approx. 5:30am, 17 Sept. 1862. - Hydrography, elevation, and roads data sourced from USGS with alterations by the cartographer. - Digitization sources from the Carman-Cope Maps (Library of Congress, Geography & Map Division), and topographic maps/aerial imagery (USGS & USDA-FSA Aerial Photography Field Office).
Antietam Journal, Vol. 5, Fall 2023. James A. Rosebrock, "Credit to which it is entitled": Perspectives on the Artillery at the Battle of Antietam. Map #2

Map depicting action in and around the Reel Ridge and Piper Farm at approx. 1:00pm, 17 Sept. 1862. - Hydrography, elevation, and roads data sourced from USGS with alterations by the cartographer. - Digitization sources from the Carman-Cope Maps (Library of Congress, Geography & Map Division), and topographic maps/aerial imagery (USGS & USDA-FSA Aerial Photography Field Office).
Antietam Journal, Vol. 5, Fall 2023. James A. Rosebrock, "Credit to which it is entitled": Perspectives on the Artillery at the Battle of Antietam. Map #1

- Map depicting action in and around Dunker Church north to the Cornfield at approx. 7:20am, 17 Sept. 1862. - Hydrography, elevation, and roads data sourced from USGS with alterations by the cartographer. - Digitization sources from the Carman-Cope Maps (Library of Congress, Geography & Map Division), and topographic maps/aerial imagery (USGS & USDA-FSA Aerial Photography Field Office).
The Antietam Journal, Volume 3

Table of Contents The Editor’s Column Kevin R. Pawlak . . . . . . 6 Antietam Institute Announcements . . . 8 Feature Articles Interpretive Themes for Experiencing Antietam National Battlefield Richard P. D’Ambrisi . . . . . 10 Deception in the Forty-Acre Cornfield? Kevin R. Pawlak . . . . . 18 Very Much Diminished: Straggling in the Army of Northern Virginia in the Maryland Campaign Russell Rich . . . . . . 34 In Their Own Words The Lost Passages of Brig. Gen. Alfred Pleasonton’s Report of the Battle of Antietam Kevin R. Pawlak . . . . . 61 Antietam Artifacts Thomas Cutter, 35th Massachusetts Infantry Joseph Stahl . . . . . . 63 In Antietam’s Footsteps Crampton’s Gap Loop Trail J.O. Smith . . . . . . 68 Institute Interview Sitting Down with Keith Snyder Laura Marfut . . . . . . 72 Book Review . . . . . . 77 Contributor Biographies . . . . 80 Antietam Institute Membership Honor Roll . 81
The Story of the Thirty-third N.Y.S. Vols, or, Two years Campaigning in Virginia and Maryland

33rd New York Infantry
The History of Battery B, First Regiment Rhode Island Light Artillery, in the War to Preserve the Union, 1861-1865

Battery B, 1st Rhode Island Light Artillery
The Antietam Journal, Volume 2

The Editor’s Column - Kevin R. Pawlak . . . . . . . 6 Antietam Institute Announcements . . . 9 Feature Articles Davis’s “Valiant Coup”: Breaking the Union Cavalry Out of Harpers Ferry, September 14, 1862 - Sharon A. Murray . . . . . . 10 Ezra Carman’s Missing Fight - Bradley M. Gottfried . . . . . . 32 “The Bravest of the Brave…Under So Much Dirt”: Floridians in the Maryland Campaign - Phillip S. Greenwalt . . . . . . 44 In Their Own Words John Delaney to John Gould, March 27, 1891 - Darin Wipperman . .. . . . 54 Antietam Artifacts Mansfield’s Hat for a Sword: The Collection of Capt. George Nye, 10th Maine Infantry - Nicholas P. Picerno . . . . . . 58 In Antietam’s Footsteps Goodbye Letters from the Battlefield - J.O. Smith . . . . . . . 63 Institute Interview Sitting Down with Dr. Gordon Dammann. - Laura Marfut . . . . . . . 68 Book Review . . . . . . . 75 16th Connecticut: A Valediction. - Judi McHugh . . . . . . . 78 Contributor Biographies . . . . . 79 Antietam Institute Membership Honor Roll . . 80
History of the Seventh Squadron, Rhode Island Cavalry

7th Squadron, Rhode Island Cavalry
History of the Thirtieth Regiment Ohio Volunteer Infantry : from its organization, to the fall of Vicksburg, Miss.

30th Ohio Infantry
The Antietam Journal, Volume 1

The Editor’s Column An Introduction to The Antietam Journal Kevin R. Pawlak . . . . . . 5 Antietam Institute Announcements. . 6 Feature Articles “Perceptions, not Realities…”: The Army of the Potomac in the Maryland Campaign Daniel J. Vermilya . . . . . 7 The Loudoun Valley Campaign of 1862 Matt Borders . . . . . . 51 Antietam Artifacts Private Charles L. Perry’s Identification Tag Joseph Stahl . . . . . . 88 In Antietam’s Footsteps From Fox’s Gap to Antietam National Cemetery, the 45th Pennsylvania Infantry J.O. Smith . . . . . . 91 Institute Interview Sitting Down with Rev. John Schildt Laura Marfut . . . . . . 94 Book Reviews . . . . . . 102 Contributor Biographies . .. . 106
Confederate Military History: a library of Confederate States history, in twelve volumes, written by distinguished men of the South (Vol. 12)

One of 12 volumes TABLE OF CONTENTS. CAPT. WILLIAM HARWAR PARKER. ⁠The Confederate States Navy 1-115 CHAPTER I. Personnel of the Confederate Navy-Injustice of the Federal Naval Secretary-Sacrifices of the Confederate Naval Officers 3 CHAPTER II. The Genesis of the Confederate Navy-Organization of the Navy Department-Assignment of Officers Early Operations in Virginia Waters 8 CHAPTER III. Hollins' Attack on the United States Vessels at the "Head of the Passes"-Hatteras Inlet-Hilton Head 15 CHAPTER IV. The James River Squadron-Evacuation of the Norfolk Navy Yard by the Federals- Construction of the Merrimac-Officers of the Merrimac-The Patrick Henry, Jamestown, Teaser, Beaufort and Raleigh. 28 CHAPTER V. Battle of Hampton Roaás Sinking of the Cumberland-Destruction of the Congress-The Work of the Wooden Gunboats. 36 CHAPTER VI. Battle of the Merrimac and the Monitor--The Monitor Declines a Renewal of Combat- Evacuation of Norfolk-Destruction of the Merrimac-Battle of Drewry's Bluff. 47 CHAPTER VII. The Mississippi River Fleet-Defenses of New Orleans—Farragut Runs the River Forts-Part of the Navy in the Combat. 55 CHAPTER VIII. The Ram Arkansas-Her Completion on the Yazoo River-Her Daring Dash through the Federal Fleet. 63 CHAPTER IX. The Ironclads Palmetto State and Chicora New Orleans-Their Fight off Charleston-Attack on Fort Sumter-Torpedo Expedition The Ram Atlanta. 67 CHAPTER X. Capture of the Satellite and Reliance-Torpedo Attack on the U. S. Ironclad New Ironsides-Capture of the U. S. S. Underwriter-Torpedo Attack on the U. S. S. Minnesota Capture of the U.S.S. Waterwitch. 74 CHAPTER XI. The Ram Albemarle-Her Battles and Victories Wreck of the Raleigh. 81 CHAPTER XII. Defense of Mobile Bay-The Ram Tennessee-Her Gallant Battle with Farragut's Fleet-First Attack on Fort Fisher. 86 CHAPTER XII. Operations on the James River, 1864-65-Attempted Expedition against City Point-The Naval Brigade The Ram Webb 92 CHAPTER XIV. The Confederate Naval Academy–The Corps of Instructors–Splendid Service of the Midshipmen–Character of the Young Officers. 96 CHAPTER XV. The Cruisers–Their Status in War. 99 CHAPTER XVI. Conclusion–The Confederate States Ironclad Fleet–Memorable Achievements. 107 APPENDIX. Register of the Commissioned and Warrant Officers of the Navy of the Confederate States of America. 110 J. WILLIAM JONES, D. D. ⁠ The Morale of the Confederate Armies 117–193 Enthusiasm of all Classes for the Southern Cause–College Students in the Front–Great Campaigns and Valorous Achievements–Humanity toward the Enemy–Religion in the Camp–Incidents of Personal Heroism–The Veteran in Civil Life 119 BRIG.-GEN. CLEMENT A. EVANS. ⁠ An Outline of the Confederate Military History 195–265 LIEUT.-GEN. STEPHEN D. LEE. ⁠ The South Since the War 267–568 DOCUMENTAL AND STATISTICAL APPENDIX 369–Constitution of the Confederate States, 371–Members of the Provisional and Regular Congresses of the Confederate States, 384–Chronological List of Engagements by States, 389–Statistics, 499–Index, 513–Illustrations 547 LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS. facing page. Barron, Samuel 112 Brooke, John M. 112 Brown, I. N. 112 Buchanan, Franklin 112 Cooke, J. W. 112 Flags, Confederate 369 Hollins, George N. 112 Ingraham, D. N. 112 Jones, J. William 117 Lee, Stephen D. 267 Maffitt, J. N. 112 Parker, William H. 1 Semmes, Raphael 112 Tattnall, Josiah 112 Tucker, John R. 112 Wood, John T. 112
Confederate Military History: a library of Confederate States history, in twelve volumes, written by distinguished men of the South (Vol. 11)

One of 12 volumes CONTENTS—TEXAS. CHAPTER I. The State of Texas in 1860—Unfavorable Political Conditions—Election of Governor Runnels in 1857—Secession and the African Slave Trade Agitated—Election of Governor Houston in 1859—His Opposition to Separate State Action 5 CHAPTER II. The Agitation and Action after the Election of Abraham Lincoln, President—Calls upon Governor Houston to Convene the Legislature—Speeches For and Against State Action—Call for a Convention by Citizens—Governor Houston Convenes the Legislature—Co-operation of States Advocated as a Diversion from Separate State Action—The Legislature and Convention Meet—Ordinance of Secession Passed—Committee on Safety Appointed to Take the Federal Property 12 CHAPTER III. The Committee on Public Safety Appoints a Sub-Committee to Confer with General Twiggs—Col. Ben McCulloch to Raise a Force for the Northwestern Frontier—Col. John S. Ford to Raise a Force to Go to the Lower Rio Grande—Instructions Given Them, and They Set About Their Duties—Secession Submitted to a Vote of the People—Delegates Elected to the Convention at Montgomery—General Twiggs Issues an Order of Surrender—Thanks by the Convention 20 CHAPTER IV. Convention Reassembles—Returns of Election Counted—Independence Declared—Governor Houston Posts the Vote March 4th—Provisional Constitution Ratified—Committee Sent to the Governor—His Answer—A Resolution Continuing the State Government—All Officers to Take Official Oath—Governor and Secretary Refuse to Take It—Ed Clark Declared Governor—Governor Houston Retires—He Publishes His Protest Effect of the Vote on Secession—General Houston Disclaims Intention to Resist Colonel Waite—Convention Adjourns—Leading Men that Went to the Army 27 CHAPTER V. Proceedings of the Legislature—The Expedition of Colonel Ford to the Rio Grande—Colonel Van Dorn Comes to Texas—He Finishes the Capture and Surrender of Federal Troops—Their Embarkation—Other Commanders Go to New Mexico and to Indian Territory—Governor Clark Assists in Raising Troops 38 CHAPTER VI. Brigadier-General Hébert Assumes Command—Troops Raised for the Defense of the Coast—The Blockade—Troops for Arkansas—Troops at Arkansas Post—Battles of Oak Hills and Elkhorn—Forces Transferred to Mississippi—Troops Sent to Tennessee and to Virginia, to the Lower Rio Grande, and to New Mexico and Arizona—Organization of Confederate Government—Members of Congress Elected—Message of Governor Clark 49 CHAPTER VII. Francis R. Lubbock, Governor—His Message Recommends Appropriation for Raising Troops—Reorganization of the Militia—Military Board Created—Hospital Fund—County Court to Levy Taxes—Effort to Have a Northeast Sub-District—Brig.-Gen. H. E. McCulloch Assumes Command in It—Difficulty of Raising Infantry—Cavalry Easily Raised—A Number of Infantry Regiments Sent to Arkansas and Form a Division—Capture of Arkansas Post—Regiment Sent to Indian Territory—Battle at Poison Spring—Troops Sent to Mississippi and Tennessee—Regiments and Battalions Retained in Texas—State Troops—Martial Law—Conscription—Troops for Rio Grande 58 CHAPTER VIII. Frontier Protection—Galveston Shelled—Conscription—Evacuation of Sabine Pass—Yellow Fever—Evacuation of Galveston, October, 1862—Defense of Port Lavaca 71 CHAPTER IX. Military Condition Explained—General Magruder Assumes Command of the District of Texas—The Battle of Galveston—Signal Defeat of the Enemy 78 CHAPTER X. A Famous Naval Exploit—Capture of Federal Vessels off Sabine Pass—A Lady s Description—Engagement at Lighthouse, Sabine Pass—Defense of St. Joseph's Island 97 CHAPTER XI. Movement of Troops from Arkansas to Northern Louisiana—The Engagements There—Gen. E. Kirby Smith Assumes Command of the Trans-Mississippi Department—Headquarters Moved to Shreveport—Mails Superintended by Dr. J. H. Starr—Sabine Pass—Federal Preparations to Capture It—Splendid Naval Battle in its Defense 105 CHAPTER XII. Home Supplies by Home Industry—The Collection of Army Supplies—Salt Manufacture—Iron Works—Penitentiary Cloth—Its Distribution—A New Military Board—Purchase and Importation of Cotton—Gunshops and Armory—Large Prison Camp near Tyler—Operations of Military Board—Disposition of Hospital Fund 112 CHAPTER XIII. Fort Brown Evacuated—General Banks' Expedition on the Texas Coast—Occupation of Corpus Christi and Other Ports—Departure of Banks—August Election, 1863—Military and Other Operations Continued—Frontier Protection—Expedition Against the Federals on the Rio Grande—"The Last Battle of the War" 119 CHAPTER XIV. Texas Troops in Service in Other Southern States—The Battles of Shiloh, Vicksburg and Chickamauga—Texas Troops in Louisiana and Arkansas—Engagements at Camp Bisland, Berwick's Bay, Fordoche, Bayou Bourbeau, Mansfield, Pleasant Hill, and Jenkins' Ferry 130 CHAPTER XV. Texas Troops in Arkansas and Louisiana Move Southward—Changes and Promotions—No More Battles—Camp Grice—News of the Surrender of Gen. R. E. Lee—Gens. Kirby Smith, Magruder, and Forney Address the Soldiers—The "Break Up" and Travel Home—Surrender—Its Terms—Texas Generals and Colonels—Albert Sidney Johnston a Texas Officer 137 PAGE CHAPTER XVI. The Texas Citizen Soldier His Education as a Soldier Indian Fights Early Combats in Texas and Mexico The Texas Yell Its Effect A Statue of a Texas Soldier The Significance of the War Between the States The Two Reconstructions The Present National Government How Another War may be Averted 144 APPENDIX 150-221 BIOGRAPHICAL 223 ILLUSTRATIONS TEXAS. FACING PAGE. BAGBY, ARTHUR P 252 BEE, HAMILTON P 225 DEBRAY, XAVIER B 233 ECTOR, MATTHEW D 252 GANG, RICHARD M 233 GRANBURY, HIRAM B 252 GREEN, THOMAS 233 GREER, ELKANAH 233 GREGG, JOHN 252 HARDEMAN, W. P 233 HARRISON, JAMES E 252 HARRISON, THOMAS 252 HOGG, JOSEPH L 233 LANE, WALTER P 233 MAXEY, SaMUEL B 233 McCuLLocH, BEN 233 MCCULLOCH, HENRY E 233 MOORE, JOHN C 225 ROBERTS, ORIN M 1 ROBERTSON, FELIX H 225 ROBERTSON, JEROME B 233 Ross, LAWRENCE S 233 STEELE, WILLIAM 225 SCURRY, WILLIAM R 225 TEXAS AND TRANS MISSISSIPPI (Map) Between pages 222 and 223 WATERHOUSE, RICHARD 252 WAUL, THOMAS N 252 WHARTON, JOHN A 225 WHITFIELD, JOHN W 252 WIGFALL, Louis T 252 YOUNG, WILLIAM H 225 CONTENTS—FLORIDA. PAGE. CHAPTER I. Secession of the State Proceedings of the Convention Early Events at Pensacola Union with the Confederate States First Preparations for War 3 CHAPTER II. Federal Strength in Florida Reinforcement of Fort Pickens Confederate Troops Called Out for Pensacola Destruction of the Judah Fight on Santa Rosa Island-Bombardment of Fort McRee Evacuation of Pensacola Other Events of the Period 21 CHAPTER III. Organization of Regiments Second Infantry Third Infantry Fourth Infantry First Cavalry Second Cavalry Marion Light Artillery Events of 1862 and 1863. 42 CHAPTER IV. The Olustee Campaign Formidable Federal Movement Design to Establish a New State Government Concentration of Confederate Forces Crushing Defeat of the Enemy Operations Following the Battle 56 CHAPTER V. Organization of the District of Florida in the Spring and Summer of 1864 Palatka, Welaka and Fort Butler Withdrawal of Troops to Virginia Fights with Gunboats on the St. John s Renewed Federal Activity Battle of Palatka Evacuation of Camp Milton and Baldwin Battle of Gainesville 82 CHAPTER VI. Further Operations in the Fall of 1864 Federal Incursion to Marianna Green Cove Springs Raid to Milton Fight near Braddock Farm Near Cedar Keys-Natural Bridge The Closing Scenes 114 CHAPTER VII. Florida Troops in the Army of Northern Virginia Second Regiment on the Peninsula Perry’s Brigade Battle of Gettysburg Finegan s Brigade 142 CHAPTER VIII. Florida Troops in the Western Army The First Infantry Third Infantry Fourth Infantry Stovall’s Brigade at Chickamauga First Cavalry Sixth Infantry-Seventh Infantry Trigg s Brigade at Chickamauga Finley’s Brigade 164 APPENDIX 188 BIOGRAPHICAL 193 ILLUSTRATIONS FLORIDA. FACING PAGE. ANDERSON, J. PATTON 205 BREVARD, THEODORE W 205 BULLOCK, ROBERT 205 DAVIS, W. G. M 205 DICKISON, J. J 1 FINEGAN, JOSEPH 205 FINLEY, JESSE J 205 FLORIDA, MAP OF Between pages 192 and 193 LORING, WILLIAM W 205 MILLER, WILLIAM 205 OCEAN POND, BATTLEFIELD OF (Map) 65 PERRY, EDWARD A 205 SHOUP, FRANCIS A 205 SMITH, MARTIN L 205 WALTER, WILLIAM S 205
Confederate Military History: a library of Confederate States history, in twelve volumes, written by distinguished men of the South (Vol. 10)

One of 12 volumes
Confederate Military History: a library of Confederate States history, in twelve volumes, written by distinguished men of the South (Vol. 9)

One of 12 volumes CONTENTS— KENTUCKY. PAGE. CHAPTER I The "Dark and Bloody Ground"—Battle Ground of Northern and Southern Indians— Importance of a Correct History- of the South in the War— The Principles Involved in the Struggle—Mr. Jefferson's Views—Attitude of Other Statesmen North and South— State Rights and Nullification in the North—Blood not Shed in Vain 3 CHAPTER II. Attitude of Kentucky Before and During the War—Origin of the Doctrine of Neutrality—Why the Southern Men Acquiesced—How They Were Deceived and Overreached—Violation of Neutrality by Union Party—Last Efforts of the Southern Element — Response of President Davis and President Lincoln— Occupation of Columbus by General Polk—Action of the Legislature— General Anderson Takes Command —Reign of Terror— Flight of Southern Leaders 16 CHAPTER III. First Confederate Troops-Ge n. S, B. Buckner—Gen. Albert Sidney Johnston—The Confederate Line in Kentucky—John H. Morgan—General Sherman Succeeds Anderson—"War Must be Carried to Southern Firesides"—Sherman Superseded by Buell—First Engagement in Kentucky—Confederate Organization ac Bowling Green—Kentucky Commands. 33 CHAPTER IV. Political Movements-John C. Breckinridge Enters Confederate Army-Organization of Provisional Government-George W. Johnson Chosen Governor—Confederate Senators and Congressmen— Kentucky Admitted as a State in the Southern Confederacy—Confederate Defeat at Fishing Creek—Fall of Fort Henry 51 CHAPTER V. General Grant Invests Fort Donelson— Sortie in Force by the Confederates—Its Success -Troops Ordered Back to the Trenches—Gallant Fighting of Second and Eighth Kentucky—General Buckner Surrenders to Grant 57 CHAPTER VI. Effects of the Surrender of Fort Doneslon—Reorganization of Confederate Army at Murfreesboro—Johnston's Junction with Beauregard:, Bragg and Polk—Grant at Pittsburg Landing—Johnston Advances— Battle of Shiloh—Part Taken by Kentucky Confederate Troops—Death of General Johnston and Governor Johnson 63 CHAPTER VII. Reorganization of the Army at Corinth—General Breckinridge Sent to Vicksburg— Battle of Baton Rouge—Bragg Asks for Breckinridge to Command a Division in Kentucky Campaign—He Marches from Knoxville for Kentucky 74 CHAPTER VIII. Summer Campaign in 1862— Buell's Campaign for the Reduction of East Tennessee — The Occupation ⁠of Cumberland Gap—Gen. E. Kirby Smith in East Tennes-see—General Bueil Threatens Chattanooga— Confederate Plans of Campaign 83 CHAPTER IX Two Great Cavalry Leaders— John Hunt Morgan and Nathan B. Forrest—Morgan's First Raid through Kentucky—Capture of Murfreesboro by General Forrest-Capture of Gallatin Tenn., by General Morgan— Destruction of Buell's Lines of Communication—Battle of Hartsville, Tenn. 91 CHAPTER X. Bragg's Kentucky Campaign— Its Conception Due to Gen. K. Kirby Smith—Transfer of Bragg's Army from Tupelo to Chattanooga— Organization of the Forces—General Smith's Bold Advance—Great Confederate Victory at Richmond— Occupation of Lexington and Frankfort-Enthusiastic Reception by the People 114 CHAPTER XI. Bragg's Advance from Chattanooga— Bueil Moves to Bowling Green—Chalmers' Defeat at Munfordville—Its Surrender with 4,000 Men—Proclamation of Thanksgiving 127 CHAPTER XII Bragg's Situation at Muufordville— Disappointments of the Army—Necessity for Co-operation with General Smith—Inauguration of Governor II awes -Buells Arrival in Louisville-Bragg's Fatal Misinterpretation of Buell's Movement—Movements Preceding Battle of Perryville 132 CHAPTER XIII. Battle of Perryvillc— Topography of the Surrounding Country— Relative Position of Opposing Forces—Confederate Victory but Virtual Defeat — Bragg Falls Back to Harrodsburg—Beginning of Retreat from Kentucky—Gen. Humphrey Marshall 140 CHAPTER XIV. The Retreat from Kentucky— Confederate Forces Pass through Cumberland Gap— Breckinridge with his Kentuckians Sent to Murfreesboro— Buell Superseded by Rosecrans— Condition of Kentucky after Evacuation — Increased Persecution of Southern People 147 CHAPTER XV. Occupation of Middle Tennessee — Reorganization of Kentucky Troops — The Kentucky Brigade— Cavalry Organizations— Brilliant Operations of General Morgan—Battle of Murfreesboro — Bragg's Order of Battle— Some Details of the Bloody Engagement— Second Battle — Death of General Hanson — Breckinridge's Report 151 CHAPTER XVI. Bragg's Army in Winter Quarters— Death of Colonel Trabue— Breckinridge's Division Sent to Mississippi — Fall of Vicksburg — Operations in Mississippi and Alabama— Federal Advance in Tennessee — Morgan's Great Raid through Ohio 160 CHAPTER XVII. Rosecrans Flanks Chattanooga and Bragg Evacuates— Buckner Joins Bragg — Movements of Opposing Armies— Battle of Chickamauga — Important Part Played by Kentucky Officers and Soldiers — Death of Gen. Ben Hardin Helm— Great Confederate Victory — Breckinridge, buckner and Preston. 174 CHAPTER XVIII. Investment of Chattanooga by Bragg—Battle of Missionary Ridge—Separation of the Kentuckians—Gen. Joseph E, Johnston Succeeds Bragg—His Compliment to the Orphan Brigade—Breckinridge's Service in Virginia—His Victory at New Market—Ovation from Lee's Army—At Cold Harbor and Monocacy—His Department of Southwest Virginia—Secretary of War 182 CHAPTER XIX. Opening of the Atlanta Campaign— Rocky Face Gap—Resaca—New Hope Church—Service of the Kentucky Brigade—Battles around Atlanta—Battle of Jonesboro—Severe Losses—The Kentucky Brigade is Mounted—Its Subsequent Services—Other Kentucky Commands-Return of the Kentuckians to Their Homes—Restoration to Citizenship 193 CHAPTER XX. Kentucky Commands in Confederate Service—Approximate Number of Kentuckians in Federal and Confederate Service — Kentuckians as Soldiers — Professor Shaler'a Estimate— Words of Wisdom from the Leader Whose Destiny We Followed 201 APPENDIX A 213 APPENDIX B 216 BIOGRAPHICAL 225 ILLUSTRATIONS— KENTUCKY. FACING PAGE. Burord, A. 236 Cosby, George B. 248 "ClUTTENpEN, Geo. B 236 Duke, Basil W 248 Field, Charles W 236 H Anson, R W 248 Hawes, J. M 236 Helm, B H. 248 Hodge, G. B. 248 Johnston, J. S. 1 Kentucky, State (Map) Between pages 234 and 225 Lewis, Joseph H 236 Lyon, H. H 235 Marshall, Humphrey 248 Morgan, John H 236 Perryville, Battle (Map) 140 Preston, William 236 Smith, Gustavus W 248 Williams, John S 248 CONTENTS—MISSOURI. PAGE. CHAPTER I. Introductory— The Admission of Missouri to the Union— The Beginning of the Contest Between the North and the South--The Missouri Compromise—The Kansas-Nebraska Bill — New England Emigrant Aid Societies—The National Election in 1860—The Southern Element Divided—Dangerous Position of the State—New Party Organizations and Leaders—The Southwest Expedition 3 CHAPTER II The Legislature Meets— Governor Stewart's Farewell Message—Governor Jackson's Inaugural—Bills to Call a State Convention and to Organize the State Militia—The Convention Bill Passed —Vest's Resolution—Election of Delegates to the State Convention—Fate of the Bill to Arm the State 11 CHAPTER III. The State Convention— Sterling Price Elected President—Committee on Federal Relations Reports Against Secession—The Convention Adopts the Report and Adjourns—The House Again Refuses to Arm the State—St. Louis Police Bill—Home Guards and Minute Men—General Frost Authorized to Take the Arsenal—Blair Appeals to the President—Capt Nathaniel Lyon at St Louis— The Liberty Arsenal Seized—Military Organizations under Frost and Lyon 20 CHAPTER IV. President Davis Sends Siege Guns— Blair and Lyon Prepare to Take the Camp and the Guns— Frost Surrenders—Home Guards Fire on the Crowd — The Legislature Acts Promptly — Reign of Terror in St. Louis — The Legislature Provides a Military Fund— Sterling Price Commander of the State Guard—The Price-Harney Agreement— Harney Supplanted by Lyon—The Planter's House Conference 31 CHAPTER V. Governor Jackson Calls Out the Militia—Jefferson City Abandoned— Concentration at Boqnville—Railroad Bridges Destroyed— Colonel Holloways Death—Price Goes to Lexington—Lyon Occupies the Capital—Skirmish at Booneville—The Governor Starts Southwest — A Federal Regiment Routed at Cold Camp — Junction of Jackson and Rams— Victory at Carthage. 42 CHAPTER VI Lyon Leaves Boonville for the Southwest—Fnce Reinforced by McCulloch and Pearce— They Start to thir Governor's Rescue — The Rendezvous at Cowskln Prairie—The Combined Force Moves toward Springfield—Lyon Advances to Meet Them— The Battle ot Wilson's Creek-Death of Lyon— A Fruitless Victory 50 CHAPTER VII. Sigel Retreats to Kolla — McCulloch and Pearce Return to Arkansas — Federal Defeat at Dry wood—Price Invests the Federal Works at Lexington— The Moving Breastworks— Mulligan Surrenders — An Affair at Blue Mills ⁠—General Thompson and His Operations— Price Compelled to Retreat—The Legislature at' Neosho Passes an Act of Secession—Members of the Confederate Congress Chosen—Fremont's Bodyguard Defeated at Springfield—Hunter Succeeds Fremont and Retreats—Reorganization of the State Troops—First and Second Confederate Brigades 63 CHAPTER VIII Price Falls Bark to Arkansas—Affair at Sugar Camp— Price and McCulloch Disagree—Van Dorn Takes Personal Command—The Battle of Pea Ridge—McCulloch and Mcintosh Killed—Van Dorn Retreats—Van Dorn's Opinion of the Missourians— The Army of the West Ordered East of the Mississippi— General Price's Address to His Troops 75 CHAPTER IX. The Missouri Troops at Corinth— Reorganization Continued—The First Missouri Infantry—Affair at Farmington—Beauregard Evacuates Corinth—Price in Command in Northern ^Mississippi— Fighting at Iuka— -Van Dorn and Price Attack Corinth— Price Successful—Van Porn Fails—The Missourians Complimented— The Retreat—Bowen's Stubborn Fighting—Price Finds a Way Out 65 CHAPTER X. The Trans-Mississippi Department Open to Federal Occupation—Hindman Takes Command—Shelby Goes into Missouri to Raise a Regiment—Battle of Lone Tack—Three Regiments Organized at Newtonia— A Brigade Formed with Shelby Commanding—The Fight at Newtonia— Hindman Superceded—Holmes Orders Troops Out of Missouri—The Desperate Fight at Cane Hill. 95 CHAPTER XI. Hindman Prepares for a Campaign— The Battle of Prairie Grove—Both Armies Retreat—Holme; Abandons the Upper Arkansas Valley—Hindman Relieved of Command in the West—Marmaduke Moves into Missouri—Repulse at Springfield—A Hard Fight at Hartville 107 CHAPTER XII. The Missoari Brigades Oppose Grant Below Vicksburg—Death of Col. William Wade— Battle of Port Gibson— Battle of Baker's Creek— The Missourians Save the Army—Affair at Big Black River—Siege of Vicksburg—Provisions Fail— General Green and Colonel Irwin Killed—Surrender of the City and of the Army—Peath of General Bowen—The Missouri Brigade 116 CHAPTER XIII. Operations in the Trans-Mississippi Pepartment— General Kirby Smith Assumes Command— Marmaduke Makes an Expedition into Missouri— The Affair at Bloom field—Battle of Helena— Steele Moves on Little Rock—Battle of Bayou Meto—Evacuation of Little Rock —Shelby Prepares for an Expedition into Missouri 130 CHAPTER XIV Shelby's Raid through Missouri—The Fight near Marshall— Brilliant Exploits of Shelby's Command—Marmaduke Attacks Pine Bluff 141 CHAPTER XV. The Missouri Brigade in the Georgia and Tennessee Campaigns- -Service at New Hope Church—At Kcncsaw Mountain— It Captures One of the Forts at Allatoona—Disaster at Franklin—Rear Guard in the Retreat ⁠from Nashville—Bledsoe's Battery—General Maury's Opinion of the Brigade 152 CHAPTER XVI. General Price Commands the District of Arkansas—Parsons' Division Sent to General Taylor in Louisiana—The Battle of Pleasant Hill—Marmaduke Opposes Steele's Advance—Steele Goes to Camden—Poison Spring—Marks' Mill— Steele Evacuates Camden—Battle of Jenkins' Ferry—Steele Returns to Little Rock 158 CHAPTER XVII. Marmadukc and Greene's Brigade on the Mississippi River—The Kattle ot Ditch Bayou—Shelby Goes to North Arkansas—Rids the Country of the Robber Bands—Captures a Gunboat—An Engagement with Carr—Capture of an Illinois Regiment—Fights at Big Cypress —Price Crosses the Arkansas at Dardauelle 169 CHAPTER XVIII General Price's Expedition in Missouri—The Southern Women of Missouri—Clark and Jackman Take Glasgow— Fight at Little Blue—Guerrilla Warfare in Missouri—A Retaliation of Federal Outrages—General Halleck's Order—Lawrence Burped in the Retaliation for the Burning of Osceola 173 CHAPTER XIX. Price's Army Encounters Severe Fighting—Shelby Comes to the Rescue—The Battle of Ncwtonia—Hardships of the Retreat—The Court of Inquiry 189 CHAPTER XX. The Missouri Brigade Sent to the Defense of Mobile—General Canby Declines an Open Field Fight—The Troops West of the Mississippi Despondent—Magruder and Shelby—General Lee's Surrender—Shelby Issues an Address to His Troops—Goes to Shreveport and Proposes a Plan of Action—It is Adopted, but Miscarries—The Missouri Troops Stand Firm—Shelby Goes to Mexico—The End 197 BIOGRAPHICAL 301 ILLUSTRATIONS— MISSOURI. FACING PAGE. Missouri (Map) Between pages 202 and 203 Wilson's Creek, Battle (Map)
Confederate Military History: a library of Confederate States history, in twelve volumes, written by distinguished men of the South (Vol. 8)

One of 12 volumes TABLE OF CONTENTS. PAGE. CHAPTER I. Formal Secession from the United States—Union with the Confederate States—Preparation for War—Organization of Troops—General Polk in Command—Occupation of Columbus—Battle of Belmont 3 CHAPTER II. Loss of the Line of the Cumberland—Battle of Fishing Creek—Death of General Zollicoffer—Fall of Fort Henry—Battle of Dover and Capitulation of Fort Donelson—New Madrid and Island No. 10—Evacuation of Nashville 15 CHAPTER III. The Battle of Shiloh—Organization of the Confederate Army—Assignment of Tennessee regiments—Their Prominence in the Army—Gallant Service in the Two Days' Battle—Tennessee Artillery—Lockridge Mill Fight 33 CHAPTER IV. Bragg and Kirby Smith in Kentucky—Victory at Richmond—The Battle of Perryville—Important Service of Tennesseeans—Fruits of the Campaign 45 CHAPTER V. The Battle of Murfreesboro—Tennessee Commands Engaged—Operations of the Cavalry—McCown Opens the Battle—Heroic Deeds of the Tennessee Brigades—Severe Losses—Cheatham and His Division 57 CHAPTER VI. Tennesseeans in Mississippi—At Chickasaw Bayou—Gregg's Brigade at Raymond—One Tennessee Brigade Combats an Army Corps—The Brigades of Reynolds and Vaughn at Vicksburg—The First Regiment Heavy Artillery—The State's Representation at Port Hudson, La 78 CHAPTER VII. Campaign in Middle Tennessee—Bragg Retires to Chattanooga—Battle of Chickamauga—Part of Tennesseeans in the Great Victory—Oppression of the People 90 CHAPTER VIII. The Fatal Pause on Missionary Ridge—Changes in Command—Cheatham's Division—The Fight at Lookout Mountain—Disaster on Missionary Ridge—Gallantry of Tennessee Commands—Battle at Ringgold—The Knoxville Campaign 113 CHAPTER IX. The Atlanta Campaign—Johnston takes Command—Reunion of Cheatham's Division—Tennesseeans at Resaca—New Hope Church—Dallas—Kenesaw Mountain—Losses of the Army—Battles about Atlanta—Jonesboro 125 CHAPTER X. The Campaign Against Sherman's Base—Allatoona and Dalton—Hood's Campaign in Tennessee—Spring Hill—Responsibility for the Lost Opportunity—The Battle of Franklin—Siege of Murfreesboro—Siege and Battle of Nashville—Retreat to Mississippi 143 CHAPTER XI. Tennesseeans in Virginia—Records of Archer's and Johnson's Brigades 179 CHAPTER XII. Tennessee Cavalry—West Tennessee Expedition—Streight's Raid—Forrest's New Command at Jackson—Battles of Okolona and Yazoo—West Tennessee Again—Fort Donelson, Fort Pillow and Other Battles—Forrest in North Alabama and Tennessee 217 CHAPTER XIII. Tennessee and the Navy 254 CHAPTER XIV. Tennessee and the Medical Department 265 CHAPTER XV. Tennessee and the Church. By Rev. M. B. DeWitt, Chaplain of the Eighth Tennessee 269 BIOGRAPHICAL 283 LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS. FACING PAGE. ADAMS, JOHN 288 ANDERSON, SAMUEL R 288 ARMSTRONG, FRANK C 288 BATE, WILLIAM B 288 BELL, TYREE H 288 BROWN, JOHN CALVIN 288 CAMPBELL, ALEXANDER W 336 CARROLL, WILLIAM H 288 CARTER, JOHN C 336 CHATTANOOGA, MAP OF BATTLEFIELDS ABOUT. 121 CHEATHAM, BENJAMIN F 336 DAVIDSON, HENRV B 336 DIHRELL, GEORGE G 288 DONELSON, DANIEL S 336 FRANKLIN, MAP OF THE BATTLEFIELD 153 FRAZER, JOHN W 288 GORDON, GEORGE W 336 HATTON, ROBERT 336 HILL, BENJAMIN J 336 HUMES, W. Y. C 336 JACKSON, ALFRED E 288 JACKSON, WILLIAM H 336 JOHNSON, BUSHROD 304 MANEY, GEORGE 304 McCoMB, WILLIAM 304 McCowN, JOHN P 304 MURFREESBORO, PLAN OF BATTLE Between pages 64-5 NASHVILLE, MAP OF THE BATTLEFIELD 164 PALMER, JOSEPH B 328 PILLOW, GIDEON J 328 PORTER, JAMES D 1 QUARLES, WILLIAM A 304 RAINS, JAMES E 304 SHILOH, MAP OF THE BATTLEFIELD 41 SHILOH, MAP OF THE FIELD OF, NEAR PITTSBURG LANDING. 33 SMITH, PRESTON 328 SMITH, THOMAS B 304 STRAHL, OTHO F. 328 WALKER, L. M.. 328 WILGOX, CADMUS M. 328 WRIGHT, MARCUS J 328 ZOLLICOFFER, FELIX K 328
Confederate Military History: a library of Confederate States history, in twelve volumes, written by distinguished men of the South (Vol. 7)

One of 12 volumes CONTENTS—ALABAMA. CHAPTER I. Introductory—The First Spanish Occupation of Alabama—Battles Fought by De Soto—Settlement at Mobile—French and Spanish wars—English Control—Indian Wars—War of 1812–Seminole and Florida Wars —Alabamians in the War with Mexico ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 3 CHAPTER II. Secession and Its Causes—The Slavery Question—Alabama's Declaration Prior to the Nomination of Lincoln—The Charleston Convention—Result of the Election—Hope of Peaceable Secession—Expressions of Adams and Webster—Greeley Opposed to Coercion ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 16 CHAPTER III. The State Convention—Variance of Opinion on Secession—Adoption of the Ordinance of Secession—Organization of Military Forces–Campaigns and Battles in Alabama—Some of Alabama's Distinguished Soldiers ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 34 CHAPTER IV. The Alabama Infantry Regiments—Brief History of Each Organization–Their Service as Shown by the Official Records ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 52 CHAPTER V. The Alabama Cavalry Commands—Regiments, Battalions and Detached Companies—References to Their Services in the Official Records ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 249 CHAPTER VI. Batteries Composed of Alabama Troops—Their Organization and Officers—Records from the Official Reports ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 309 BIOGRAPHICAL ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 383 ILLUSTRATIONS—ALABAMA. Alabama, Map of ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ Between pages 382 and 383 Allen, William W. ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 412 Baker, Alpheus ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 392 Battle, Cullen A. ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 400 Bowles, Pinckney D. ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 392 Bulger, Michael J. ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 412 Cantey, James ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 400 Clanton, James H. ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 400 Clayton, Henry D. ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 392 Deas, Zachariah C. ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 400 Deshler, James ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 400 Forney, John H. ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 412 Forney, William H. ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 392 Fry, Birkett D. ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 400 Garrott, Isham W. ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 400 Gorgas, Josiah ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 400 Gracie, Archibald ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 412 Hagan, James ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 392 Holtzclaw, James T. ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 392 Johnston, George D. ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 392 Law, Evander M. ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 392 Leadbetter, Danville ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 392 Mobile, Map of the Defenses of ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 45 Moody, Young M. ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 400 Morgan, John T. ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 392 O'Neal, Edward A. ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 460 Perry, William F. ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 400 Pettus, Edmond W. ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 412 Roddey, Phillip D. ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 392 Rodes, Robert E. ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 412 Sanders. John C. C. ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 412 Shelley, Charles M. ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 400, 444 Tracy, Edward D. ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 412 Wheeler, Joseph ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 1 Withers, Jones M. ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 392 Wood, S. A. M. ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 412 CONTENTS—MISSISSIPPI. CHAPTER I. Civil Action of the State in Seceding from the Federal Union—Review of the Reasons for Secession–Legislature Provides for Convention–Proceedings of the Same ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 3 CHAPTER II. Purchase of Arms—Organization of State Troops—Jefferson Davis Commander-in-Chief–Troops at Corinth—First Hostilities on the Mississippi ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 10 CHAPTER III. Mississippi Troops Without the State, 1861—At Pensacola—Fight at Santa Rosa Island—The Regiments in Virginia—Their Service at First Manassas and Leesburg ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 19 CHAPTER IV. Defense of the Mississippi River—Albert Sidney Johnston's Army—State Troops in Kentucky—Battle of Belmont—Fishing Creek—Fort Henry—Fort Donelson—Reorganization at Corinth—Battle of Shiloh ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 31 CHAPTER V. Siege of Corinth—Engagements at Farmington and Serratt's House—Evacuation of Corinth—Affair at Booneville–Organization at Tupelo—Patriotism of the People—Bragg Moves to Chattanooga ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 52 CHAPTER VI. Blockade of the Mississippi River—Ship Island—Biloxi and Pass Christian—Fall of New Orleans—First Attack on Vicksburg—Exploits of the Ram Arkansas—Battle of Baton Rouge ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 67 CHAPTER VII. Campaigns of Price and Van Dorn—Battle of Iuka—Mississippi Commands in Van Dorn's Army—Battle of Corinth—Hatchie Bridge—Grant's Campaign on the Central Railroad—Invasion from Arkansas—Forrest in West Tennessee—Van Dorn at Holly Springs—President Davis Visits Mississippi—Sherman Defeated at Chickasaw Bayou. ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 83 CHAPTER VIII. Service of Mississippians Without the State in 1862—Munfordville—Perryville—Murfreesboro—Yorktown—Seven Pines–Shenandoah Valley—Seven Days' Battles—Second Manassas—Harper's Ferry—Sharpsburg—Fredericksburg ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 108 CHAPTER IX. Operations in Mississippi—January to July, 1863—Federal Forces at Young's Point—Expeditions North of Vicksburg — Organization of Confederate Forces—Grierson's Raid—Grant at Bruinsburg–Battles of Fort Gibson and Raymond—Plans of Johnston and Pemberton—Battle of Baker's Creek—Big Black Bridge—Siege of Vicksburg—Pemberton's Capitulation ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 122 CHAPTER X. Operations in Mississippi—July to December, 1863—Siege of Jackson—Minor Operations in the State—Service of Mississippians Outside the State—Battle of Chickamauga—Knoxville—Chancellorsville—Missionary Ridge—Ringgold—Gettysburg ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 161 CHAPTER XI. Events of 1864—Federal Plans of Campaign—Organization under General Polk—Sherman's Meridian Expedition–Federal Defeat at Sakatonchee Creek and Okolona—Destruction of Meridian—Forrest in West Tennessee–Organization under Gen. S. D. Lee—Victory at Tishamingo Creek–Battle of Harrisburg–Raid to Memphis–Raid on the Tennessee River–Minor Operations ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 186 CHAPTER XII. Mississippi Commands Without the State, 1864—Atlanta Campaign—Nashville Campaign—Eastern Virginia Campaign—Shenandoah Valley Campaign ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 211 CHAPTER XIII. Events of 1865—Forrest in Command—Deplorable Suffering of the People—Cavalry Organizations—Battle of Selma—General Taylor at Meridian—Mississippians in Virginia and the Carolinas—Capitulation of General Taylor—Summary of Mississippi's Contribution of Soldiers—Inauguration of Governor Humphreys ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 223 BIOGRAPHICAL ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 233 —————— ILLUSTRATIONS—MISSISSIPPI. Adams, Wirt ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 236 Alcorn, James L. ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 236 Baker's Creek, Battlefield of (Map) ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 144 Baldwin, William E. ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 236 Barksdale, William ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 252 Benton, Samuel ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 252 Brandon, William L. ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 252 Brantly, William F. ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 236 Chalmers, James R. ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 236 Clark, Charles ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 252 Cooper, Douglas H. ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 252 Davis, Joseph R. ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 236 Davis, Reuben ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 252 Featherston, Winfield S. ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 252 French, Samuel G. ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 236 Griffith, Richard ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 252 Gholson, Samuel J. ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 236 Harris, Nathaniel H. ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 252 Harrisburg, Battlefield of (Map) ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 201 Hooker, Charles E. ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 1 Humphreys, Benjamin G. ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 252 Lowrey, Mark P. ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 236 Lowry, Robert ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 273 Martin, Will T. ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 236 Mississippi, Map of ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 232 Posey, Carnot ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 273 Sears, Claudius W. ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 273 Sharp, Jacob H. ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 273 Smith, James A. ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 273 Starke, Peter B. ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 273 Tucker, William F. ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 273 Van Dorn, Earl ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 273 Vicksburg Campaign, Map of ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 160 Walthall, Edward C. ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 273
Confederate Military History: a library of Confederate States history, in twelve volumes, written by distinguished men of the South (Vol. 6)

One of 12 volumes TABLE OF CONTENTS. PAGE. CHAPTER I. The Legislature of 1860—Convention Provided For—Occupation of Port Pulaski—The Secession Convention—Seizure of the Augusta Arsenal and Oglethorpe Barracks 3 CHAPTER II. Organization and Other Events in the State, from Spring until Close of 1861—Early Record of Georgians Outside the State, Previous to Manassas—Coast Operations in Georgia in 1861 (including Port Royal) 18 CHAPTER III. Georgia Troops in Virginia—Laurel Hill, Carrick’s Ford and First Manassas—Death of Bartow—Cheat Mountain, Greenbrier River and Camp Alleghany—Georgians in North Carolina—Events at Pensacola 64 CHAPTER IV. Events of 1862—Naval Operations Below Savannah—Organization for Defense—Lee Succeeded by Pemberton—The State Troops—Fall of Fort Pulaski—Hunter’s Orders—Skirmish on Whitemarsh Island 82 CHAPTER V. Battle of Shiloh—Andrews’ Raid—The Third Infantry at South Mills—The Conscript Act and State Troops—Georgians under Bragg and Kirby Smith—Naval Affaire—Depredations in the Coast Region—War Legislation—Chickasaw Bayou and Murfreesboro 94 CHAPTER VI. Sketches of Georgia Commands 112 CHAPTER VII. Georgia Troops in Virginia in 1862—York town—Seven Pines—The Valley Campaign—Seven Days’ Battles 159 CHAPTER VIII. Cedar (Slaughter’s) Mountain, Second Manassas, South Mountain, Harper’s Ferry, Sharpsburg, Fredericksburg 177 CHAPTER IX. Georgia in 1863—Fort McAllister—Destruction of the Nashville—Organization on the Coast in March—The Defenses of Savannah—Loss of the Atlanta—Straight’s Raid and Capture—Distress in the State 201 CHAPTER X. The Battle of Chancellorsville 212 CHAPTER XI. Battle of Champion’s Hill—Siege of Vicksburg—The Gettysburg Campaign 220 CHAPTER XII. The Coast of South Carolina, Georgia and Florida, July to December, 1863 236 CHAPTER XIII. The Chickamauga Campaign—Rosecrans’ Advance in Northwest Georgia—Bragg Evacuates Chattanooga—The Maneuvers in the Mountains—The Two Days’ Battle on Chickamauga Creek—Rosecrans Defeated and Penned in at Chattanooga 241 CHAPTER XIV. The Knoxville Campaign—Battle of Missionary Ridge—Battle of Ringgold (Jap—Retreat to Dalton—Gen. J. E. Johnston Given Command—Close of 1863 264 PAGE. CHAPTER XV. The Campaigns of 1864—Battle of Olustee—Operations near Savannah—The Wilderness to Cold Harbor—Georgia Troops Engaged—Early’s Valley Campaign 283 CHAPTER XVI. The Atlanta Campaign—February Fighting near Dalton—Organization of Johnston’s Army—Campaign from Dalton to the Chattahoochee—Resaca, New Hope Church and Kenesaw Mountain—Battles about Atlanta—Wheeler’s Raid—Jonesboro and the Evacuation 296 CHAPTER XVII. The Fate of Atlanta—Hood's Advance in North Georgia—Attack on Allatoona—Sherman's March to the Sea—Fall of Fort McAllister—Evacuation of Savannah —Georgians in the Nashville Campaign 353 CHAPTER XVIII. Final Campaign in Virginia—Georgia Commands at Appomattox—Campaign of the Carolina—Wilson’s Raid 376 BIOGRAPHICAL 387
Confederate Military History: a library of Confederate States history, in twelve volumes, written by distinguished men of the South (Vol. 5)

One of 12 volumes TABLE OF CONTENTS. PAGE. CHAPTER I. Spirit of Secession The State Militia Charles ton and the Forts The Violated Agreement Major Anderson Occupies Fort Sumter South Carolina Occupies Pinckney and Moultrie The Star of the West Fort Sumter Surrendered Carolinians in Virginia Battle of Manassas 4 CHAPTER II. Affairs on the Coast Loss of Port Royal Harbor Gen. R. E. Lee in Command of the Department Landing of Federals at Port Royal Ferry Gallant Fight on Edisto Island General Pemberton Succeeds Lee in Command Defensive Line, April, 1862 28 CHAPTER III. South Carolinians in Virginia Battle of Williamsburg Eltham’s Landing Seven Pines and Fair Oaks Nine-Mile Road Games Mill Savage Station Frayser’s Farm Malvern Hill 43 CHAPTER IV. The Coast of South Carolina, Summer of 1862 Operations under General Pemberton Engagement at Old Pocotaligo Campaign on James Island Battle of Secessionville 76 CHAPTER V. General Beauregard in Command The De fenses of Charleston Disposition of Troops Battle of Pocotaligo Repulse of Enemy at Coosawhatchie Bridge Operations in North Carolina Battle of Kinston Defense of Goldsboro 94 CHAPTER VI. South Carolinians in the West Manigault’s and Lythgoe’s Regiments at Corinth The Kentucky Campaign Battle of Murfreesboro 111 CHAPTER VII. With Lee in Northern Virginia, 1862 The Maneuvers on the Rappahannock Second Manassas Campaign—Battle of Ox Hill 120 CHAPTER VIII. The Maryland Campaign The South Mountain Battles Capture of Harper s Ferry Battles of Sharpsburg and Shepherdstown 140 CHAPTER IX. Hampton s Cavalry in the Maryland Raid The Battle of Fredericksburg Death of Gregg South Carolinians at Marye’s Hill Cavalry Operations 165 CHAPTER X. Operations in South Carolina, Spring of 1863 Capture of the Isaac Smith Ingraham s Defeat of the Blockading Squadron Naval Attack on Fort Sumter Hunter’s Raids 188 CHAPTER XI. South Carolina Troops in Mississippi Engagement near Jackson The Vicksburg Campaign Siege of Jackson 203 CHAPTER XII. South Carolinians in the Chancellorsville Campaign Service of Kershaw’s and McGowan s Brigades A Great Confederate Victory 213 PAGE. CHAPTER XIII. Operations in South Carolina Opening of Gillmore’s Campaign against Fort Sumter The Surprise of Morris Island First Assault on Battery Wagner Demonstrations on James Island and Against the Railroad Action near Grimball’s Landing 223 CHAPTER XIV. Second Assault on Battery Wagner Siege of Wagner and Bombardment of Fort Sumter Evacuation of Morris Island 235 CHAPTER XV. The Gettysburg Campaign Gallant Service of Perrin’s and Kershaw’s Brigades Hampton’s Cavalry at Brandy Station 257 CHAPTER XVI. South Carolinians at Chickamauga Organization of the Armies South Carolinians Engaged Their Heroic Service and Sacrifices 277 CHAPTER XVII. The Siege of Charleston Continued Bombardment of Fort Sumter Defense Maintained by the Other Works The Torpedo Boats Bombardment of the City-Transfer of Troops to Virginia Prisoners under Fire Campaign on the Stono 291 CHAPTER XVIII. South Carolinians with Longstreet and Lee Wauhatchie Missionary Ridge Knoxville The Virginia Campaign of 1864 From the Wilderness to the Battle of the Crater 310 CHAPTER XIX. The Atlanta Campaign Battles around Atlanta Jonesboro Hood s Campaign in North Georgia The Defense of Ship s Gap Last Campaign in Tennessee Battle of Franklin 328 CHAPTER XX. The Closing Scenes in Virginia Siege of Richmond and Petersburg Fall of Fort Fisher South Carolina Commands at Appomattox 346 CHAPTER XXI. Battle of Honey Hill Sherman s Advance into South Carolina Organization of the Confederate Forces Burning of Columbia Battles of Averasboro and Bentonville Conclusion 354 BIOGRAPHICAL 337
Confederate Military History: a library of Confederate States history, in twelve volumes, written by distinguished men of the South (Vol. 4)

One of 12 volumes TABLE OF CONTENTS. PAGE. CHAPTER I. First and Last Situation in the Beginning-Preparing for War The Dual Organizations of North Carolina Troops, State and Confederate 5 CHAPTER II. From Bethel to First Manassas Fighting Along the Coast Supplies of Clothing and Arms a Serious Difficulty 21 CHAPTER III. The Second Year Burnside s Expedition Roanoke Island Lost Battle at New Bern South Mills and Fort Macon Renewed Efforts to Raise More Troops 32 CHAPTER IV. The Federal Movements Against Richmond-Peninsular Campaign Dam No. i, or Lee s Mill Retreat up the Peninsula Williamsburg Hanover Court House Seven Pines Jackson’s Wonderful Valley Campaign 46 CHAPTER V. The Great Struggle of 1862 for Richmond-Battles of Mechanicsville Cold Harbor, Frayser’s Farm, Malvern Hill North Carolina Troops Conspicuous in all Engagements McClellan s Utter Defeat by Lee 76 CHAPTER VI. The Campaign Against Pope Cedar Mountain Gordonsville Warrenton Bristoe Station Groveton Second Manassas Chantilly, or Ox Hill Pope Defeated at all Points 92 CHAPTER VII. Lee’s Maryland Campaign The March to Frederick City The "Lost Order" Mountain Battles Crampton’s Gap Boonsboro Vigorous Skirmishing The Surrender of Harper s Ferry by the Federals Battle of Sharpsburg or Antietam First North Carolina Cavalry with J. E. B. Stuart in Pennsylvania 106 CHAPTER VIII. The Fredericksburg Campaign Affairs in North Carolina Supplies for Troops Brought by the Advance Engagements in North Carolina Battle near Goldsboro North Carolina Troops in the Western Army Battles of Murfreesboro and Stone’s River 133 CHAPTER IX. North Carolina in the Beginning of 1863 Gathering Fresh Supplies Demonstrations by D. H. Hill Against New Bern Fights at Deep Gully and Sandy Ridge Siege of Washington, N. C. Blunt s Mills and Gum Swamp 150 CHAPTER X. Chancellorsville Brandy Station Winchester Berryville Jordan Springs Middleburg Upperville Fairfax 156 CHAPTER XI. The Confederate Invasion of , Pennsylvania-Battle of Gettysburg North Carolinians in the Three Days Fighting on the Retreat The Potomac Recrossed by Lee’s Army Cavalry Fighting in Virginia during the Invasion of Pennsylvania 171 PAGE. CHAPTER XII. Defense of Charleston North Carolinians in Mississippi The Battle of Chickamauga East Tennessee Campaigning North Carolina Cavalry in Virginia Infantry Engagements around Rappahannoek Station Fights at Kelly’s Ford, Bristoe and Payne s Farm 200 CHAPTER XIII. North Carolina Events, 1803-64 Federal Treatment of the Eastern Part of the State Military Operations in the State Ransom Recovers Suffolk Victory of Hoke and Cooke at Plymouth Gallant Fighting of the Albemarle Spring Campaign, 1864, in Virginia 218 CHAPTER XIV. The Wilderness, 1864 Grant Moves on Richmond—The Opening Battles of May The "Bloody Angle" Battle of Drewry’s Bluff Service of North Carolina Commands Hoke’s Division 229 CHAPTER XV. Services of the North Carolina Cavalry along the Rapidan Battle of Yellow Tavern The Second Cold Harbor Battle Early s Lynchburg and Maryland Campaigns Battles in the Valley of Virginia Activity of the Confederate Cavalry 249 CHAPTER XVI. Around Petersburg Beauregard’s Masterly Defense Lee’s Army in Place and Grant is Foiled The Attempt of Grant to Blow up the Fortifications Battle of the "Crater" The Dreary Trenches Reams Station The Fort Harrison Assault The Cavalry 262 CHAPTER XVII. The North Carolina Regiments in Tennessee and Georgia Campaigns, 1864 Events in North Carolina—Fort Fisher The Close of the Fourth Year-North Carolina Troops in Army Northern Virginia. 1865 Battles near Petersburg Hatcher s Run Fort Stedman Appomattox 273 CHAPTER XVIII. The Last Battles in North Carolina Gen. T. G. Martin’s Command Battles with Kirk and the Federal Marauders The Army under Gen. Joe Johnston Evacuation of Forts Fight at Town Creek Engagement at Kinston Battle at Averasboro Johnston Repulses Sherman at Bentonville Johnston Falls Back to Durham Surrender. 280 BIOGRAPHICAL 287
Confederate Military History: a library of Confederate States history, in twelve volumes, written by distinguished men of the South (Vol. 3)

One of 12 volumes TABLE OF CONTENTS. CHAPTER I. Virginia in 1860—Her Seven Grand Divisions—Geological Characteristics, Climate and Agricultural Products—Her Population—Political and Historical Importance ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 3 CHAPTER II. Slavery in Virginia—The Agitation of the Slavery Question—Distribution of Slaves in the State—John Brown's Invasion ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 17 CHAPTER III. From John Brown's Execution to the Federal Invasion—The Election of President Lincoln—Meeting of the Virginia Convention—Governor Letcher's Reply to the Call for Troops—Seizure of Harper's Ferry—Union with the Confederate States ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 32 CHAPTER IV. The Plan of Invasion—Northwestern Virginia—Grafton, Philippi and Rich Mountain—May to July, 1861 ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 43 CHAPTER V. The First Kanawha Valley Campaign, April to July, 1861 ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 57 CHAPTER VI. The First Shenandoah Valley Campaign, April to July, 1861 ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 63 CHAPTER VII. The Bull Run, or Manassas, Campaign, January to July, 1861 ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 91 CHAPTER VIII. Operations about Norfolk and Yorktown—Battle of Big Bethel—Burning of Hampton ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 123 CHAPTER IX. The Tygart's Valley and Cheat Mountain Campaign—Battle of Greenbrier River, or Camp Bartow—Battle of Alleghany Mountain ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 152 CHAPTER X. Operations along the Potomac—From First Manassas to Battle of Leesburg ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 178 CHAPTER XI. Battle of Leesburg—Operations on the Lower Potomac and East Shore—Action at Dranesville ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 187 CHAPTER XII. Stonewall Jackson's Romney Campaign ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 197 CHAPTER XIII. Review of Military Conditions, Spring of 1862 ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 208 CHAPTER XIV. Stonewall Jackson's Valley Campaign of 1862 ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 214 CHAPTER XV. The Peninsula Campaign of 1862—Yorktown, Williamsburg and Seven Pines ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 269 CHAPTER XVI. The Seven Days' Battles before Richmond ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 281 CHAPTER XVII. Stonewall Jackson's Cedar Run Campaign ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 304 CHAPTER XVIII. Lee's Campaign against Pope in Northern Virginia ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 315 CHAPTER XIX. The Maryland Campaign against McClellan ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 335 CHAPTER XX. The Fredericksburg Campaign ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 360 CHAPTER XXI. The Chancellorsville Campaign and Death of Jackson ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 375 CHAPTER XXII. The Campaign in Pennsylvania ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 395 CHAPTER XXIII. The Autumn and Winter Campaigns of 1863 ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 423 CHAPTER XXIV. The Wilderness Campaign against Grant ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 431 CHAPTER XXV. The Battles of Spottsylvania Court House—The Defeat of Sigel and Butler ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 445 CHAPTER XXVI. The Maneuvers on the North Anna River ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 458 CHAPTER XXVII. The Richmond Campaign of 1864 ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 463 CHAPTER XXVIII. Early's Lynchburg and Valley Campaigns ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 476 CHAPTER XXIX. The Siege of Petersburg ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 516 CHAPTER XXX. Closing Events in Southwest Virginia and the Valley ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 539 CHAPTER XXXI. The Appomattox Campaign and Lee's Surrender ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 546 APPENDIX ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 558 BIOGRAPHICAL ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 573 LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS. Anderson, Joseph R. ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 576 Armistead, Lewis A. ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 576 Army of Virginia, Position of Troops, Aug. 27, 1862 ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 321 Ashby, Turner ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 576 Barton, Seth M. ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 576 Beale, Richard L. T. ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 576 Bethel, Battle of (Map) ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 136 Chambliss, John R. ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 576 Chancellorsville, Salem Church and Fredericksburg (Map of) ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ Between pages 384 and 385 Chilton, Robert H. ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 576 Cocke, P. St. George. ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 576 Colston, Raleigh E. ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 576 Corse, Montgomery D. ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 576 Dearing, James. ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 576 DeLagnel, Julius A. ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 610 Echols, John ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 576 Floyd, John B. ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 626 Fredericksburg, Map of Battle ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 369 Garland, Samuel ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 674 Garnett, Richard B. ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 642 Garnett, Robert S. ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 642 Gettysburg, Map of Battlefield ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 416 Harris, David B. ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 642 Heth, Henry ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 610 Hotchkiss, Jed ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 1 Hunton, Eppa ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 626 Imboden, John D. ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 626 Jackson, William L. ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 610 Jenkins, Albert G. ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 674 Johnson, Edward ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 658 Jones, John M. ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 642 Jones, John R. ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 610 Jones, Samuel ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 626 Jones, William E. ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 658 Jordan, Thomas ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 610 Kemper, James L. ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 642 Lee, Edwin G. ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 658 Lee, Fitzhugh ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 642 Lee, George W. C. ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 658 Lee, William H. F. ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 658 Lilley, R. D. ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 626 Lomax, Lunsford L. ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 626 Long, Armistead L. ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 642 McCausland, John ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 610 Magruder, John B. ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 674 Mahone, William ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 658 Manassas, Map of First Battle ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ Between pages 96 and 97 Maury, Dabney H. ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 674 Mechanicsville and Cold Harbor, Map of Battlefield. ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 288 Moore, Patrick T. ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 658 Munford, Thomas T. ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 610 Page, Richard L. ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 626 Paxton, Elisha P. ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 610 Payne, William H. F. ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 642 Pegram, John ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 674 Pendleton, William N. ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 674 Pickett, George E. ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 658 Pryor, Roger A. ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 610 Reynolds, Alexander W. ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 626 Richmond and Petersburg. (Map of) ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ Between pages 528 and 529 Robertson, Beverly H. ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 674 Rosser, Thomas L. ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 674 Ruggles, Daniel ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 658 Slaughter, James E. ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 674 Smith, William ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 626 Starke, William E. ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 642 Stevenson, Carter L. ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 658 Stevens, Walter H. ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 610 Stuart, James E. B. ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 626 Taliaferro, William B. ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 674 Terrill, James B. ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 674 Terry, William ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 674 Virginia, Map of Battlefields. ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ Between pages 572 and 573 Walker, Henry H. ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 626 Walker, James A. ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 610 Walker, R. Lindsay ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 658 Weisiger, Daniel A. ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 658 Wharton, G. C. ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 642 Wickham, Williams C. ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 626 Wilderness and Spottsylvania, Maps of Battles ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 440 Winchester, Battle of (Map of Route to) ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 240 Wise, Henry A. ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 610
Confederate Military History: a library of Confederate States history, in twelve volumes, written by distinguished men of the South (Vol. 2)

One of 12 volumes CONTENTS—MARYLAND. PAGE CHAPTER I. Maryland in its Origin. Progress and Eventual Relations to the Confederate Movement 3 CHAPTER II. Maryland's First Patriotic Movement in 1861 15 CHAPTER III. Maryland's Overthrow 29 CHAPTER IV. Marylanders Enlist and Organize to Defend Virginia and the Confederacy 42 CHAPTER V. Marylanders in the Campaigns of 1861 50 CHAPTER VI. Marylanders in 1862 under Gens. Joseph E. Johnston and Stonewall Jackson 65 CHAPTER VII. Marylanders in 1862 under Gen. Robert E. Lee 83 CHAPTER VIII. Maryland under Federal Military Power 92 CHAPTER IX. Maryland Artillery—Second Maryland Regiment Infantry—First Maryland Cavalry 101 CHAPTER X. The Maryland Line 114 ROSTER OF MARYLAND LINE 134 APPENDIX A 145 BIOGRAPHICAL 153 ILLUSTRATIONS—MARYLAND. FACING PAGE Archer, James J. 168 Brent, Joseph L. 168 Elzey, Arnold 168 First Maryland at Cold Harbor 85 First Maryland Regiment, Charge of, June 6, 1862 80 Johnson, Bradley T. 1 Johnson, Bradley T. 168 Little, Henry 168 Lovell, Mansfield 168 Mackall, W. W. 168 Maryland (Map) Between pages 152 and 153 Steuart, George H. 168 Trimble, Isaac R. 168 Winder, Charles S. 168 Winder, John H. 168 CONTENTS—WEST VIRGINIA. PAGE. CHAPTER I. The Partition of Virginia–The Dilemma of the Old Dominion in 1861–Preparations for War–Organization of Troops in Western Virginia–The Unionist Convention–Organization of the State of West Virginia 3 CHAPTER II. McClellan's Invasion–The Affair at Philippi–Rich Mountain and Laurel Hill–Death of Garnett–Operations about Romney–Federal Occupation of the Kanawha Valley–Fight at Scary Creek–Loring at Cheat Mountain 14 CHAPTER III. Operations under Gen. R. E. Lee–Floyd and Wise in the Kanawha Valley–Battle of Carnifix Ferry–Lee's Cheat Mountain Campaign–Sewell Mountain–Camp Bartow–Camp Alleghany–Floyd's Cotton Hill Campaign 34 CHAPTER IV. Operations in the Northeast–Kelley's Campaign against Romney–Stonewall Jackson in Command in the Shenandoah Valley–His Campaign to Bath and Romney 48 CHAPTER V. Battle of McDowell–The Princeton Campaign–Loring's Advance Down the Kanawha Valley–Battle of Fayetteville–Occupation of Charleston–Jenkins Enters Ohio–Echols in Command–Imboden's Operations 56 CHAPTER VI. Operations of 1863–Jones' and Imboden's Raid against the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad–Jenkins’ Raid to Point Pleasant–Expeditions to Beverly and Wytheville–Battles of White Sulphur Springs and Droop Mountain–Averell's Raid to Salem 72 CHAPTER VII. Operations of 1864-65–Expeditions of Fitzhugh Lee and Rosser–Exploits of Gilmor and McNeill–Organization of the Army of Western Virginia–Battle of Cloyd's Mountain–New Market Lynchburg–Retreat of Hunter through West Virginia–Witcher's Raids–Other Brilliant Exploits 90 CHAPTER VIII. Miscellaneous Data–Notes on the Contributions of Various Counties to the Confederate Service–Records of the Twenty-fifth and Thirty-first Regiments 105 APPENDIX—McNeill and His Rangers. 116 BIOGRAPHICAL 129 ILLUSTRATIONS-WEST VIRGINIA. FACING PAGE DROOP MOUNTAIN, BATTLE (Map) 84 GAULEY BRIDGE, VICINITY OF (Map) 64 WEST VIRGINIA AND VIRGINIA, PARTS OF (Map) 96 76 WHITE, ROBERT 1 WHITE SULPHUR SPRINGS, BATTLE (Map) 84
Confederate Military History: a library of Confederate States history, in twelve volumes, written by distinguished men of the South (Vol. 1)

One of 12 volumes TABLE OF CONTENTS. HON. J. L. M. CURRY, LL. D. ⁠Legal Justification of the South in Secession 1-58 WILLIAM R. GARRETT. The South as a Factor in the Territorial Expansion of the United States 59-246 CHAPTER I. Territorial Expansion a Distinctive Feature in the history of the United States—The South a Leading Factor in this Policy 61 CHAPTER II. The Extension of the Territory of the United States and from the Alleghany Mountains to the Mississippi River and North of the Ohio River 72 CHAPTER III. Hostilities with France and the Acquisition of Louisiana 123 CHAPTER IV. The Second War with Great Britain—Spanish Complications—Spain Cedes Florida, and Her Claims to Oregon 160 CHAPTER V. Annexation of Texas—War with Mexico—Mexican Cessions—Oregon Treaty with Great Britain 205 CHAPTER VI. Confederate War—Acquisition of Alaska 239 BRIG-GEN. CLEMENT A. EVANS ⁠The Civil History of the Confederate States 247-570 CHAPTER I. The Settlement of 1850—Previous Sectional Questions—Origin of the Terms North and South—Extent of "Old South"—Sectional Rivalries—Slaveholding Nearly Universal—Objected to by the South and Insisted on by the Slave Traders—"Profit and Loss"—and not Conscience—Causes which Necessitate the Confederate States 249 CHAPTER II. First Organized Attack—Garrison the Original and Able Representative—Politicians Embrace Sectionalism—National Rebuke and Fight Against the Greatness of the Union by the Sectionalists—Secession Threatened—Mexican War and its Results—Sudden and Fierce Attacks on Southern Policy in 1849-50—The South's Pacific Sentiment—Union Imperiled by Men of Sectional Views—Clay and Webster, Douglas and Davis Work Together for a National Settlement—The Compromise of 1850 263 CHAPTER III. Political Alignment in 1852—Democrat, Whig and Freesoiler—The Settlement of 1850 Ratified—Pierce President—Nullification Measures in Northern States—Renewal of Agitation by Freesoilers—Shadows Showing a Coming Event—Sectional Discord Necessary to the Freesoil Faction—Kansas Troubles and Emigrant Aid Societies—The Shaping of a Party Strictly Northern—Local Successes 277 ⁠Vote Given to National Northern Men—Buchanan elected by Only Nineteen States—The Election Endorsed the Compromise of 1850—Kansas Agitation Renewed by the Sectionalists—Democratic Leaders Divide the Party—Lincoln and Douglas—The Union Imperiled for Party Success—The Brown's Raid a Result of Methodic Madness—Pulpit, Press and Platform Stir Up Passions—Helper's Impending Crisis Reinforces Uncle Tom's Cabin 291 CHAPTER V. The Agitators of Sectionalism Combine in 1859—The Constitutional Unionists Divide—The South Unable to Control the Question—Resolutions of Mr. Davis 1860—Platforms, Nominations and Canvass for the Presidency—National Union Sentiment Overthrown—Mr. Lincoln Elected—The Fixed Sectional Majority of States Attained 306 CHAPTER VI. The Effect Produced by the Presidential Contest of 1860—Northern Recoil from the Yawning Bloody Chasm—Commercial Interest—Southern Alarm—Southern Efforts to Avoid Secession—Rally of the Northern Extremists—Buchanan’s Perplexity—Beginning of Federal Movements to Hold the South by Force—Secession Movements in the South 316 CHAPTER VII. Yet Four Months of Power—Buchanan’s Vacillation—Opinion Against Coercion—Scott Proposes Force—Major Anderson Instructed—Reinforcement of Sumter Considered—United States Congress Takes Up the Crisis—Crittenden, Stephens and Davis in and out of Congress Plead for an Adjustment—Committee of Thirty-three and Commmittee of Thirteen 325 CHAPTER VIII. Vigorous Work to Strengthen Fort Sumter—Cabinet Officers Resign Buchanan’s Policy Looks War-like—Seward Calls Secession a Humbug—Lincoln Instructs Against Compromise—Election in South Carolina and Secession Ordinance Passed—Commissioners from South Carolina Sent to Washington—Anderson’s Strategy in Moving from Fort Moultrie an Act of War—Lincoln in December Advises Scott to Hold the Forts or Retake Them—Failure of Peace Measures in Congress—The Dark Day 335 CHAPTER IX. Policy Foreshadowed in December, 1860—War-like Preparations—Star of the West Hired to Reinforce Sumter—Southern Leaders Grow Hopeless of Peace—Northern Leaders Oppose Compromise—Crittenden, Davis, Toombs and Others Urge Conciliation—Virginia to the Rescue—Border States Declare Against Coercion—Secession of Several States—Peace Congress—"Peace Hath No Victories" 347 CHAPTER X. Delegates of Seceded States Meet in Montgomery—Adoption by Convention of a Provisional Government—Election of Officers—Inauguration of Mr. Davis as President—Measures Adopted—Commissioners Sent to Washington and to Foreign Countries—The Constitution of the Confederate States of America 358 CHAPTER XI. President Lincoln’s Inauguration—Military Display—Cabinet—Confederate Commissioners at Washing- PAGE ⁠ton Mr. Seward s Double Dealing with Them The Fort Sumter Reinforcement Question 372 CHAPTER XII. The Fight for Forts Proceedings Against Fort Sumter The South Deluded The Astute Scheme to Reinforce The Fleet, the Demonstration, the Surrender 381 CHAPTER XIII. Lincoln s Call for 75,000 Volunteers Responses of Governors Confederate Preparations for Defense Political Effect in the North Confederate Congress Summoned to Meet Letters of Marque Blockade 393 CHAPTER XIV. Confederate War Policy President Davis Proclamation Sympathy for Maryland Virginia Forces Organized by Lee Federals Cross the Potomac Confederate Government Transferred to Richmond Congress of the Confederate States and the United States Messages Per 403 CHAPTER XV. Comparison of Resources The Advance to ward Richmond Curious Story of the First Manassas Told in the Records The Discomfiture Turned to Political Advantage Confederate Flags in Full View from Washington Question of Offensive or Defensive War Additional Commissions from the Confederacy to Europe Acts of Confederate Congress The Trent Affair 417 CHAPTER XVI. Character of the Confederate Government-Message of the President Congressional Debates on War Policy Use of Cotton, Tobacco, etc. Foreign Affairs 430 CHAPTER XVII. Second Session of Congress Message-Bills Introduced Discussions of Military Events -Lincoln s First Emancipation Proclamation Retaliation Sequestration California and Oregon Counterfeit Money Commissions to Washington to Propose Peace The Loan Impor 445 CHAPTER XVIII. Emancipation Proclamation The Necessity of It Effect The Southern View Negro Enrollment in Northern Armies Meeting of Confederate Congress Message Debates Resolutions Army Movements The 461 CHAPTER XIX. Mediation Attempted Foreign Affairs-Peace Spirit Prisoners of War Amnesty on Conditions 472 CHAPTER XX. Exchanges Prisons and Prisoners Andersonville in the South Elmira, Johnson s Island and Fort Delaware in the North Confederate Government Not Re 484 CHAPTER XXI. Armies East and West United States Congress Message of President Lincoln The Confederate States Congress Message of President Davis No Sign of Yielding All Male Citizens in the South Enrolled Other Acts of Congress Politics in the United States Thirteenth Amendment Proposed A Peace Movement War Preparations Confederate Viictories 499 CHAPTER XXII. Political Battle of 1864 in the North Peace Page Currents Southern Peace Movements War or Peace Dis cussed in United States Congress The Situation in July-Niagara Conference 509 CHAPTER XXIII. Re-Survey, Military and Political Radical Convention in May Republican Convention in June Southern View of Northern Politics Failure of the Armistice Peace Propositions Ignored National Democratic Convention in August Southern Desire for McClellan Election The Canvass for Presidency Lincoln Re-elected 532 CHAPTER XXIV. Confederate Congress, November, 1664—Message—Question of Enrolling Negroes in Southern Service—Measures of the Congress—Negotiations for Peace Proposed by Congress 538 CHAPTER XXV. Mission of Mr. Blair—Davis and Lincoln Exchange Letters through Blair—Failure of Blair Discussed—The Hampton Roads Conference 543 CHAPTER XXVI. Military Disparities—Wise on the Part of the South to Refuse Unconditional Surrender—Why the Final Fight was—Made Closely Allied Military and Civil Events—Last Message of President Davis to Congress—Last Acts of Congress Patriotic Act of Virginia and Other States Grant Breaks the Lines at Last Richmond Evacuated—The President and Cabinet Move to North Carolina and Georgia Capture of the President—Assassination of President Lincoln Malicious Prosecution of President Davis—The Dissolution of the Confederate States of America 560 BIOGRAPHICAL 571-737
Biographical Register of the Officers and Graduates of the U.S. Military Academy at West Point, N.Y.,from its establishment in 1802 (Volume 4, Supplement)

Volume 4, Supplement: updates records of 1802-1890 and adds graduates and officers of 1890-1900
Biographical Register of the Officers and Graduates of the U.S. Military Academy at West Point, N.Y.,from its establishment, in 1802, to 1890 (Volume 3)

Third edition, in 3 volumes
Biographical Register of the Officers and Graduates of the U.S. Military Academy at West Point, N.Y.,from its establishment, in 1802, to 1890 (Volume 2)

Third edition, in 3 volumes
Biographical Register of the Officers and Graduates of the U.S. Military Academy at West Point, N.Y.,from its establishment, in 1802, to 1890 (Volume 1)

Third edition, in 3 volumes
Itinerary of the Seventh Ohio Volunteer Infantry, 1861-1864, with roster, portraits and biographies

7th Ohio Infantry Regiment
Souvenir of Excursion to Antietam and Dedication of Monuments of the 8th, 11th, 14th and 16th Regiments of Connecticut Volunteers

8th Connecticut Infantry Regiment, 11th Connecticut Infantry Regiment , 14th Connecticut Infantry Regiment and 16th Connecticut Infantry Regiment
One of Jackson's Foot Cavalry; his experience and what he saw during the war 1861-1865, including a history of "F company," Richmond, Va., 21st regiment Virginia infantry, Second brigade, Jackson's division, Second corps, A. N. Va.

21st Virginia Infantry Regiment
History of the 49th Pennsylvania Volunteers

49th Pennsylvania Infantry Regiment
The Hawkins Zouaves: (Ninth N. Y. V.) their battles and marches

9th New York Infantry Regiment
Our Campaigns: or, The marches, bivouacs, battles, incidents of camp life and history of our regiment during its three years term of service

2nd Pennsylvania Reserves (31st Regiment of the Line)
History of the Seventeenth Virginia infantry, C.S.A

17th Virginia Infantry Regiment
Three Years in the Sixth Corps. A concise narrative of events in the Army of the Potomac, from 1861 to the close of the rebellion, April 1865

6th Army Corps
History of the Pennsylvania Reserve Corps: a complete record of the organization; and of the different companies, regiments and brigades; containing descriptions of expeditions, marches, skirmishes, and battles; together with biographical sketches of officers and personal records of each man during his term of service

1st Pennsylvania Reserve Regiment (30th Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry); 2nd Pennsylvania Reserve Regiment (31st Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry); 3rd Pennsylvania Reserve Regiment (32nd Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry); 4th Pennsylvania Reserve Regiment (33rd Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry); 5th Pennsylvania Reserve Regiment (34th Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry); 6th Pennsylvania Reserve Regiment (35th Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry); 7th Pennsylvania Reserve Regiment (36th Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry); 8th Pennsylvania Reserve Regiment (37th Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry); 9th Pennsylvania Reserve Regiment (38th Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry); 10th Pennsylvania Reserve Regiment (39th Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry); 11th Pennsylvania Reserve Regiment (40th Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry); 12th Pennsylvania Reserve Regiment (41st Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry); 13th Pennsylvania Reserve Regiment (42nd Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry, 1st Pennsylvania Rifles, the "Bucktails"); 14th Pennsylvania Reserve Regiment (43rd Pennsylvania Volunteers, 1st Pennsylvania Light Artillery)
History of the Sixth New York Cavalry (Second Ira Harris Guard) Second Brigade -- First Division -- Cavalry Corps, Army of the Potomac, 1861-1865

6th New York Cavalry Regiment
History of the Doles-Cook Brigade, Army of Northern Virginia, C.S.A.; containing muster rolls of each company of the Fourth, Twelfth, Twenty-first and Forty-fourth Georgia regiments, with a short sketch of the services of each member, and a complete history of each regiment, by one of its own members

4th Georgia Infantry, 12th Georgia Infantry, 21st Georgia Infantry, 44th Georgia Infantry
The History of the Fighting Fourteenth, published in commemoration of the fiftieth anniversary of the muster of the regiment into the United States service, May 23, 1861

14th Brooklyn Infantry Regiment, 84th New York Infantry Regiment
History of the Seventy-sixth Regiment New York Volunteers; what it endured and accomplished; containing descriptions of its twenty-five battles; its marches; its camp and bivouac scenes; with biographical sketches of fifty-three officers and a complete record of the enlisted men

76th New York Infantry Regiment
The Sixteenth Maine Regiment in the War of the Rebellion

16th Maine Infantry Regiment
The Fifth Regiment, Connecticut Volunteers. A history compiled from diaries and official reports

5th Connecticut Volunteer Infantry Regiment "Official record of the service of the men of the Fifth regiment, Conn. infantry, in the war of 1861. Transcribed from the records in the office of the adjutant general of the state of Connecticut, and corrected in certain particulars within the knowledge of the author"
Chronicles of the Twenty-first Regiment New York State Volunteers, embracing a full history of the regiment from the enrolling of the first volunteer in Buffalo, April 15, 1861, to the final mustering out, May 18, 1863. Including a copy of muster out rolls of field and staff, and each company

21st New York Infantry Regiment
Reminiscences of the Guilford Grays, Co. B., 27th N. C. Regiment

27th North Carolina Infantry Regiment
A Military History of the 8th Regiment Ohio Vol. Inf'y.: its battles, marches and army movements

8th Ohio Infantry Regiment
History of the Third Indiana Cavalry

3rd Indiana Cavalry Regiment
History of the 51st Regiment of P.V. and V.V., from its organization, at Camp Curtin, Harrisburg, Pa., in 1861, to its being mustered out of the United States service at Alexandria, Va., July 27th, 1865

51st Pennsylvania Infantry Regiment
History of the Three Months' and Three Years' Service from April 16th, 1861, to June 22d, 1864, of the Fourth Regiment Ohio Volunteer Infantry in the war for the Union

4th Ohio Infantry Regiment
The Story of a Confederate Boy in the Civil War

7th Virginia Infantry Regiment
Four Years a Soldier

7th Virginia Infantry Regiment
The Long Roll : being a journal of the civil war, as set down during the years 1861-1863

9th New York Infantry Regiment
History of the Sixth New Hampshire Regiment in the War for the Union

6th New Hampshire Infantry Regiment
Following the Greek Cross, or, Memories of the Sixth Army Corps

7th Maine Infantry Regiment
The Maryland Campaign and the Battle of Antietam

125th Pennsylvania Infantry
History of Duryée's Brigade : during the campaign in Virginia under Gen. Pope, and in Maryland under Gen. McClellan, in the summer and autumn of 1862

97th New York Infantry Regiment, 104th New York Infantry Regiment, 105th New York Infantry Regiment, 107th Pennsylvania Infantry Regiment
A History of the Eleventh Regiment - Ohio Infantry

11th Ohio Infantry Regiment
War from the Inside; or, Personal experiences, impressions, and reminiscences of one of the "boys" in the war of the rebellion

132nd Pennsylvania Infantry Regiment
A Narrative of Service with the Third Wisconsin infantry

3rd Wisconsin Infantry Regiment
Diary and Letters of Rutherford Birchard Hayes, Nineteenth President of the United States (Volume 2)

5 volumes published: v. 1. 1834-1860.- v. 2. 1861-1865.- v. 3. 1865-1881.- v. 4. 1881-1893.- v. 5. 1891-1892
History of the Twelfth Regiment, Pennsylvania Volunteer Reserve Volunteer Corps

12th Pennsylvania Reserve Regiment, 41st Regiment of the Line
Joseph K. F. Mansfield, brigadier general of the U.S. Army. A narrative of events connected with his mortal wounding at Antietam, Sharpsburg, Maryland, September 17, 1862
Reminiscences of the Civil War

Colonel, 6th Alabama Infantry at Sharpsburg
History of the One Hundred and Twenty-fourth Regiment Pennsylvania Volunteers in the War of the Rebellion—1862-1863

124th Pennsylvania Infantry Regiment
The "Ulster Guard" (20th N. Y. State Militia) and the War of the Rebellion

20th N. Y. State Militia, 80th New York Infantry
Personal Recollections of the War of 1861, as private, sergeant and lieutenant in the Sixty-first Regiment, New York Volunteer Infantry

61st New York Infantry Regiment
The story of the Fifteenth regiment Massachusetts volunteer infantry in the civil war, 1861-1864

15th Massachusetts Infantry Regiment
The diary of a young officer serving with the armies of the United States during the war of the rebellion

71st New York State Militia, 57th New York Infantry Regiment
History of the 27th Regiment N.Y. vols. Being a record of its more than two years of service in the war for the union, from May 21st, 1861 to May 31st, 1863. With a complete roster, and short sketches of commanding officers. Also, a record of experience and suffering of some of the comrades in Libby and other Rebel prisons

27th New York Infantry Regiment
History of the Sixtieth Regiment New York State Volunteers

60th New York Infantry Regiment
Reminiscences of a Rebel

47th Virginia Infantry, 40th Virginia Infantry
1861 to 1865, by an Old Johnnie. Personal recollections and experiences in the Confederate army

18th Mississippi Infantry
History of Kershaw's Brigade, with complete roll of companies, biographical sketches, incidents, anecdotes, etc.

2nd, 3rd, 7th, 8th, 15th Regiments, and 3d Battalion South Carolina Infantry
Service with the Sixth Wisconsin Volunteers

6th Wisconsin Infantry Regiment
Camp and field life of the Fifth New York Volunteer Infantry (Duryee Zouaves)

5th New York Infantry Regiment
From Bull Run to Chancellorsville; the story of the Sixteenth New York Infantry together with personal reminiscences

16th New York Infantry Regiment
Antietam: Report of The Ohio Antietam Battlefield Commission
A History of the First Regiment of Massachusetts Cavalry Volunteers

1st Massachusetts Cavalry Regiment
History of the Thirty-Fifth Regiment Massachusetts Volunteers, 1862-1865

35th Massachusetts Infantry Regiment
History of the Twelfth Massachusetts volunteers (Webster regiment)

12th Massachusetts Infantry Regiment "Though the History bears the name of Col. Cook it was written by Private James Beale, Co. I."--Catalogue of the library of ... John Page Nicholson ... relating to the war of the rebellion (p. 163)
General Jacob Dolson Cox: early life and military services
Histories of the Several Regiments and Battalions from North Carolina, in the Great War 1861-'65
A Brief History of the Thirty-fourth Regiment, N. Y. S. V. : embracing a complete roster of all officers and men and a full account of the dedication of the monument on the battlefield of Antietam, September 17, 1902

34th New York Infantry Regiment
Memoirs of the Civil War between the northern and southern sections of the United States of America, 1861-1865

6th Virginia Infantry Regiment
The History of a Brigade of South Carolinians, known first as "Gregg's," and subsequently as "McGowan's Brigade"

1st South Carolina Volunteers (Orr's Rifles), the 12th, 13th and 14th South Carolina Volunteers.
History of the Third Regiment of Wisconsin Veteran Volunteer Infantry 1861-1865

3rd Wisconsin Infantry Regiment
Reminiscences of the War of 1861-1865

12th Virginia Infantry Regiment
The Twenty-Seventh Indiana Volunteer Infantry in the War of the Rebellion 1861 – 1865

27th Indiana Infantry Regiment
Soldiers true; the story of the One Hundred and Eleventh Regiment Pennsylvania Veteran Volunteers and of its campaigns in the war for the union, 1861-1865

111th Pennsylvania Infantry Regiment
A Brief History of the Twenty-Eighth Regiment New York State Volunteers

28th New York Infantry Regiment
Minnesota in the Civil and Indian Wars 1861-1865
History of the Sixteenth Connecticut Volunteers

16th Connecticut Infantry Regiment
History of the Forty-ninth New York Volunteers

49th New York Infantry Regiment
History of the Fifth regiment Maine volunteers, comprising brief descriptions of its marches, engagements, and general services from the date of its muster in, June 24, 1861, to the time of its muster out, July 27, 1864

5th Maine Infantry Regiment Photocopied book. Some pages are so faint they are unreadable.
Deeds of Valor: how America's heroes won the Medal of Honor (Volume 1)
Deeds of valor: how America's heroes won the Medal of Honor (Vol. 2)
War Talks of Confederate Veterans

12th Virginia Infantry Regiment
Musket and Sword, or the camp, march, and firing line in the Army of the Potomac

22nd Massachusetts Infantry
History of the Ninth Virginia Cavalry, in the War Between the States

9th Virginia Cavalry Written in 1865; found among the author's papers after his death. (Introductory note)
A Lieutenant of Cavalry in Lee's army

George William Beale was born into the Virginia nobility, son of Richard Lee Beale, who served in the House of Representatives and Congress for that state before the Civil War. He followed his father into the Confederate cavalry, 9th Virginia when the Civil War began. His well-written and compelling memoirs document his time with JEB Stuart and Hampton across most of the Eastern Theater of the Civil War. He participated in engagements during the Maryland Campaign, Fredericksburg, Chancellorsville, Brandy Station, Gettysburg, The Kilpatrick-Dahlgren raid, and Spotsylvania. His active career was cut short in February 1865 when he was badly wounded.
Bull run to Bull run; or, Four years in the army of northern Virginia. Containing a detailed account of the career and adventures of the Baylor Light Horse, Company B, Twelfth Virginia Cavalry, C. S. A., with leaves from my scrap-book

12th Virginia Cavalry Regiment
A brief history of the One Hundredth Regiment (Roundheads)

100th Pennsylvania Infantry Regiment
History of the First brigade, New Jersey volunteers, from 1861 to 1865

Information about the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 10th, 15th, 23rd, and 40th New Jersey Volunteer Infantry Regiments and Battery A, First NJ Artillery
Annual report of the Adjutant-General of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts
The Army of Northern Virginia in 1862
A complete military history and record of the 108th Regiment N.Y. vols., from 1862 to 1894. Together with roster, letters, Rebel oaths of allegiance, Rebel passes, reminiscences, life sketches, photographs, etc., etc

Eastern United States
History of the One hundred and sixth regiment, Pennsylvania volunteers, 2d brigade, 2d division, 2d corps, 1861-1865
History of the Second army corps in the Army of the Potomac
The life of Lieutenant General Richard Heron Anderson of the Confederate States Army
War History of the Old First Virginia Infantry Regiment, Army of Northern Virginia

1st Virginia Infantry Regiment
Days and events, 1860-1866

18th New Hampshire Infantry Regiment
The Veteran's Story ... dedicated to the heroes who wore the gray

16th Mississippi Infantry Regiment
The story of the Forty-eighth : a record of the campaigns of the Forty-eighth Regiment Pennsylvania Veteran Volunteer Infantry during the four eventful years of its service in the war for the preservation of the Union

48th Regiment Pennsylvania Veteran Volunteer Infantry
History of the First-Tenth-Twenty-Ninth Maine Regiment in Service of the United States from May 3, 1861 to June 21, 1866

Recruited as the 1st Maine infantry in the spring of 1861: reorganized as the 10th infantry, Oct. 1861, for two and three-year terms. "The two-years men were mustered out ... May ... 1863 and the remaining men consolidated into a battalion [10th] ... transferred to the 29th Maine vols. Nov. 1,'63." cf. Official army register of volunteers. v.1, p. 29 Not actually consolidated till May 1864 "Additions and corrections to History 1-10-29 Maine regiment. Correcting all errors that have been noticed up to February, 1893."
Military Reminiscences of the Civil War
History of the Forty-fifth regiment Pennsylvania veteran volunteer infantry, 1861-1865
Reminiscences of the Nineteenth Massachusetts regiment
A historical sketch of the Quitman Guards, Company E, Sixteenth Mississippi Regiment, Harris' Brigade : from its organization in Holmesville, 21st April, 1861, to the surrender of the Army of Northern Virginia, 9th April, 1865
Services of the Tenth New York Volunteers (National Zouaves,) in the War of the Rebellion
History of the Thirty-Fifth Regiment Massachusetts Volunteers, 1862-1865. With a roster
Dunkers (i.e. Dunker) Church, battle field of Antietam. After battle, how dead were laid out

- Title from item. - Copyright 1862 by Alexander Gardner. - Hand written on verso: William Pinkerton. - Forms part of: Civil War Photograph Collection (Library of Congress). - Original negative may be available: LC-B811-562.
Army Blacksmith and Forge, Antietam, Sept., 1862

- Part of series: The War for the Union. Photographic War History, 1861-1865. - Title from item. - Attributed to Alexander Gardner, based on LC-B811-587. - Forms part of: Civil War Photograph Collection (Library of Congress). - Original negative is: LC-B811-587, with different cropping.
Where Sumner's Corps charged at Antietam

- Part of series: The War for the Union. Photographic War History, 1861-1865. - Title from item. - Attributed to Alexander Gardner, based on LC-B811-568. - Forms part of: Civil War Photograph Collection (Library of Congress). - Original negative is: LC-B811-568.
Bridge on the Boonsboro Pike, Antietam, Md.

- Title from item. - Copyright 1862 by Alexander Gardner. - Hand written on verso: William Pinkerton. - Forms part of: Civil War Photograph Collection (Library of Congress).
Independent Pennsylvania Battery "E", (Knap's Battery)

Published by Taylor & Huntington. Hartford, Conn. No. 2 State St., 1862 September.
Previous to Antietam. Rebels crossing the Potomac. Union scouts in foreground

- Signed lower right: Alf. R. Waud. - Title inscribed below image. - References: Ray, plate 30. - Gift, J.P. Morgan, 1919 - Reference print available in the Civil War Drawings file 1862. - Reference print available in Ray, Plate 30 (p. 107) - Forms part of: Morgan collection of Civil War drawings.
The rebels covered by a ledge of rock repulsing the troops on the right- in the woods beyond the Dunker ch.

- Signed lower left of image: ARW. - Title inscribed below image. - Inscribed vertically right margin: Genl Sumners attack. - Gift, J.P. Morgan, 1919 - Reference print available in the Civil War Drawings file 1862. - Forms part of: Morgan collection of Civil War drawings.
Antietam Journal, Vol. 3, Fall 2022. Kevin R. Pawlak, Deception in the Forty-Acre Cornfield?, Map #1

- Map depicting action in and around Sherrick’s forty-acre cornfield at approx. 4:20pm, 17 Sept. 1862. - Hydrography, elevation, and roads data sourced from USGS with alterations by the cartographer. - Digitization sources from the Carman-Cope Maps (Library of Congress, Geography & Map Division), and topographic maps/aerial imagery (USGS & USDA-FSA Aerial Photography Field Office).
Antietam. Prepared by Bvt. Brig. Gen. N. Michler, Major of Engineers from surveys under his direction ... 1867. Compiled and drawn by Maj. J.E. Weyss, assisted by F. Theilkuhl, J. Strasser and G. Thompson. ... Map of the battle-fields of Harper's Ferry and Sharpsburg with position of troops, routes of Army &c., Sept. 13 to 17, 1862 ... by S. Howell Brown, 1st. Lieut. Engr. Troops ... Jan. 27, 1864. To accompany report of General Robert E. Lee, C.S. Army. Julius Bien & Co., Lith., N.Y. (1891-1895)

LC Civil War maps (2nd ed.), 99; Civil War maps in the National Archives, 8; Phillips, 1353; LeGear. Atlases of the United States, 266.
Antietam. Prepared by Bvt. Brig. Gen N. Michler, Major of Engineers from Surveys under his direction by order of Brig. Genl. & Bvt. Maj. Genl. A.A. Humphreys, Chief of Engineers and under the Authority of the Hon. Secretary of War. 1867. Surveyed & drawn by Maj. J.E. Weyss, assisted by F. Theilkuhl, J. Strasser & G. Thompson. Photolith. by the N.Y. Lithographing, Engraving & Printing Co., Julius Bien, Supt. (under War Department Seal) 1869.
Map of the battle of the Antietam fought on the 16th and 17th September 1862 between the United States forces under the command of Maj. Gen. Geo. B. McClellan and the Confederates under Gen. Robert E. Lee. Prepared ... under the direction of 1st Lt. Nicholas Bowen ..., 1st Lt. A.H. Cushing ..., Chas. Shoemacker, E.F. Bowke, Jos. McMakin, C.A. Mallory, assts. ... October 1862. (with) Map of the battle of the Antietam ... sketched under the direction of Capt. J.C. Duane ... by Maj. D.C. Houston ..., Lt. N. Bowen, Lt. Js. H. Wilson, Lt. Jno. M. Wilson ..., Lt. W.A. Roebling ..., W.S. Long ..., Jos. McMackin ... (with) Engagement at deserted house or Kelly's Store near Suffolk, Va., January 30th 1863 (with) Battle-field of Gettysburg, July 1-4, 1863. Drawn by Thomas Peters ... (with) Map of the position of the cavalry during the engagement of April 4th 1863 ... (with) Map of that portion of the battle-field of Antietam occupied by the troops under Maj. Gen. Burnside ... from surveys made under the supervision of Capt. R.S. Williamson ... by H.C. Fillebrown, E.S. Waters, Civ. Eng'rs. Julius Bien & Co., Lith., N.Y. (1891-1895)